Fiedler's contingency theory is a qualification or type of contingency theory. Contingency theories in general state that the effectiveness of leadership depends upon the situation, and there are…
Basically, trait leadership theories argue that the common personality characteristics of an effective leader. Whereas, behavioural leadership theories emphasize on how leaders behave. However, contingency leadership theories concerned with the styles of…
o Lotteries to reduce absenteeism (if you are at work, you are more likely to win!)…
As indicated in the text, substitutes for leadership is a theory that “diminishes or replaces the influence of leaders” (Ivancevich, Konopaske, & Matteson, 2014, p. 435). This can be translated as having other variables that can be utilized in place of a leader or leadership thus acting as replacements that would make a leader’s influence impossible. The leadership neutralizers theory suggests that it’s “something that makes it impossible for leadership to make a difference meaning leaders tend to be less influential under certain circumstances” (Ivancevich, Konopaske, & Matteson, 2014, p. 435). Those 3 circumstances include: “if subordinates have high levels of training or experience and are independent and professional, tasks are routine…
As program work relies on others to be accomplished, internal and external factors of the program environment can wreak havoc on stability and clarity in not only the objectives but how to achieve them. Two attributes that I contend are valuable at L4 competence for program managers to exhibit are: O2 – Approach to conflict and divergence and E6 – Attitude to Scope.…
The situational leadership was developed and studied by Hershey & Blanchard in late 1960. It is the most acclaimed, utilized and effective leadership and influential tool in the history of the behavioral sciences (Situation.com). The situational leadership model is flexible tool, which enables different types of leaders and management to influence others effectively. This model stresses on the importance of the relationship between the leaders and the followers, but serves as a framework while analyzing every situation regarding the readiness level, which follower display, amount leadership and social economic support that leaders provides (Situation.com).…
Hughes et al 2014 defined leadership behaviors as actions taken in response to situations. Behaviors were defined as a function of personality, knowledge, experience, traits, intelligence attitudes, values, and interests. Available literature suggests that while some traits are common across studies, the overall findings suggest that leaders in one situation may not necessarily be leaders in all situations. According to the contingency theory approach,…
According to Janda (1960), leadership is a term defined as a scientific discipline of power relationships where group members believe that other members of their group has the right to prescribe a particular behavior to others (Janda, 1960, p. 345-346). However, leadership is the consequence of the interaction of interpersonal relationships between members of a group that obey willingly and not forced to do so under pressure (Ivanova, Zivkovic, & Ivanov, 2011, p. 12756). Despite the contrary, most definitions of leadership differ in many respects; most reflect the assumption of a process that intentionally influences the guidance, facilitation and structured relationships of people in groups or organizations. Leadership…
According to Plato, leadership is not just a power or decision-making authority; it is the system and process developed to establish the culture and how things are done in an organization or government. The nature of leadership should be driven by what is right and what is just. Plato believed that a monarch who served the best interest of the citizens was preferred to direct democracies that act to serve their own personal interest. According to Plato, leaders should serve the good of the people and not the good of the rulers or themselves. Plato felt that good leaders could only be men wise in years with education and experience. A person leads based on their knowledge,…
31. Contingency leadership theories attempt to combine the trait and behavioral theories to explain successful, influencing leader-follower relationships.…
Northouse (2013) explained that situational leadership model is one that consists of a directive and a supportive dimension of influence. In essence, a situational leader is one who attempts to match one’s leadership style to what is described as the competence and commitment of an employee (Northouse, 2013). For example, if Ann decides to use the second style (s2) referred to as the coaching approach. Then, Ann would be demonstrating high directive behavior as well as high supporting behavior (Northouse, 2013). Northouse (2013) also stated that, in this approach, an organizational leader communicates on both goal accomplishment and meeting an employee’s socioemotional need.…
The Asian American Drug Abuse Program follows the s2/m2 level of Situational Leadership theory developed by Paul Hersey and Ken Blanchard. This model works best for AADAP because the services they provide for people are mostly therapeutic in nature. AADAP offers many programs like residential services and employment access which are aimed at potential clients who are motivated but lack the skills to change without some form of treatment and rehabilitation. With regarding the Managerial Grid format put forward by Robert Blake and Jane Mouton, AADAP is highly focused concerning both the people whom they help and the production they create. Based on the therapy provided and job training opportunities offered AADAP can be considered at the highest…
Being a leader and manager may seem the same because they are both position in leadership but they are very different. Good traits of leader are understanding, open minded, stern but not hard headed, focused, willing to take well thought out risks and approachable. The different between a leader and a manager is very simple, good management skills. The role of a leader is to lead the team into victory by managing time, people and resources. A leader sees a goal and works towards that goal with a lot of moving parts being managed by other sources, a manager’s role is to manage a task and see it through to completion. Being a manager means to…
One potential disadvantage of participate leadership is the time factor. This leadership style does often involve the need for more time before action is taken. The disadvantages or weaknesses of participative leaderships are fewer than its advantages. Mostly employees are confused, with too much responsibilities and little guidance from management. There is room for major errors that can affect the organization at large. This leads to lower performance, high employee turnover, customer dissatisfaction and decreased profitability. (Yukl, 2010)…
Contingency theory to understanding leadership effectiveness attempts to combine elements of both trait and situational theory.…