Cooperative Interventions: The Empowerment Model

Literature interventions Aims & outcomes
The Empowerment Model assists individuals to take responsibility over lives by altering behaviour if they want (Naidoo and Wills, 2009).
Tones model discussed the serious awareness- enhancing necessity in health education to obtain the skills, and self-assurance to proceed (1986).
Cooperative interferences are concentrating on the attainment of facts and knowledge (Glasgow and Anderson, 1999). Diabetes self-management preparation progressed from the didactic and informative interventions of the 1970s to the cooperative empowerment models of the 1990s. Cooperative interference has effects on education related to lipids, weight, blood pressure, and blood sugar within the follow-up.

Upstream intervention
Interventions that contain patient participation to produce positive results on glycemic control, weight loss, and lipid profile by managing the determinants of person’s life quality (Tengland, 2010). Self-assurance increases health perception to ease controlling extra aspects of health, social support, and challenge in using own-abilities to assist patients acquiring skills (Laverack, 2005).
Social Cognitive Theory (Interpersonal supports) recommends that people are forced by inner & external Factors (WB, 2013). The clue that people are not only self-regulating their environments and actions, but executing actions (Bandura, 1986). Environment change of physical activity as health promotion by constructing; parks, playing field, bike tracks, recreational facilities, and available staircase to do more exercise, also, seek to promote an environment in which healthy choice becomes the easy choice (Naidoo and Wills, 2009).
Downstream intervention (McKinlay, 1979) Walking and running will improve the readings of blood glucose monitoring, reduce weight, and activate the immunity system (Tengland,
Downstream mediation (McKinlay, 1979) Promote health and prevent diabetes and obesity, maintain healthy life for the children, interventions with consistent support are more efficient than one-time or temporary education to detect inequalities (WHO, 2007) Make the healthy choice accessible, evaluated by regulations governing food labeling (Naidoo and Wills, 2009)
The Rational Choice Model activates public policy, which simulates people rationally pursue to amplify happiness, people measures the choices earlier in words of cost and benefits, then picks the choice that boosts their benefits by policy tools as; fines, taxes, or commercial incentives (Halpern et al., 2004). Economic policy to determine tax for the unhealthy food as; soft drinks, chocolate, and fries.
The strategy indicates because of the rising prevalence of obesity in developing countries, food-related noninfectious diseases, and recommends for economic policies (Halpern et al., 2004).
Upstream mediation (McKinlay, 1979). The low incomes will not buy sugars and diabetes will be controlled. Taxing unhealthy food has increased the awareness of the global approach on diet and health (WHO,