They are two major types of cables used in networking, copper and fiber. Each cable are used in different application regarding to its usage. They also have different strengths cause of the material they are made of.
Copper is the most common out of the two cables. Not as powerful as Fiber, but are ideal for buildings up to 100m. Fiber is mostly used for longer distances that copper can’t reach. For example, Fiber is ideal for high-rise buildings. Both cables do have their weakness. Copper can contract electrical current causes disruption between two devices and loses its signal over 100m in length. Fiber has a glass core. Bending the fiber to much will break the glass and renders the fiber useless.
I good example for using each cable in a real world situation would be a high-rise building. Take the empire state building, you couldn’t possibly use copper wires to connect to each switch from each floor to the main hub. The signal will fade on the higher levels of the building. And you wouldn’t want to use fiber to connect from a switch to each room or outlet. To many cramped spaces and you would not want to bend the fiber too much for the signal to break.
So, you can use the fiber to connect from the main hub of the building to each switch on every level and you wouldn’t bend the fiber to its breaking point. Copper can be used to connect the rooms to the switch and you wouldn’t have to worry about having to break a piece of glass to go around or to wrap around a object. Just make sure your cable isn’t touching any florescent lighting or high levels of EMI.