Cotton
Cotton Fibers
Name: Maya Abou Ajram
Subject: Design Material 2
Year: Fall 2014-2015
Introduction
Cotton is a soft staple fiber that grown in a form known as a boll around the seeds of the cotton plant, a shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions. Cotton fibers are mainly made up of cellulose. Under natural conditions, the cotton bolls will tend to increase the dispersion of the seeds. The cotton fibers are attached to the seeds inside the boll of the plant. There are usually six or seven seeds in a boll and up to 20,000 fibers attached to each seed. The fiber is most often spun into yarn or thread and used to make a soft, breathable textile. Although cultivated since antiquity, it was the invention of the cotton gin the most widely used as natural fiber cloth in clothing today. Cotton today is the most used textile fiber in the world. Its current market share is 56 percent for all fibers used for apparel and home furnishings and sold in the U.S. It is generally recognized that most consumers prefer cotton personal care items to those containing synthetic fibers. The largest rise in cotton production is connected with the invention of the saw-tooth cotton gin; it was possible to produce more cotton fiber, which resulted in big changes in the spinning and weaving industry.
1
FIBER STRUCTURE AND FORMATION:
Each cotton fiber is composed of concentric layers. The cuticle layer on the fiber itself is separable from the fiber and consists of wax and pectin materials. The primary wall, the most peripheral layer of the fiber, is composed of cellulosic crystalline fibrils. The secondary wall of the fiber consists of three distinct layers. The innermost part of cotton fiber- the lumen- is composed of the remains of the cell contents. Before boll opening, the lumen is filled with liquid containing the cell nucleus and protoplasm. The twists and convolutions of the dried fiber are due to the removal of this liquid. The cross section of the fiber is bean-shaped,
Name: Maya Abou Ajram
Subject: Design Material 2
Year: Fall 2014-2015
Introduction
Cotton is a soft staple fiber that grown in a form known as a boll around the seeds of the cotton plant, a shrub native to tropical and subtropical regions. Cotton fibers are mainly made up of cellulose. Under natural conditions, the cotton bolls will tend to increase the dispersion of the seeds. The cotton fibers are attached to the seeds inside the boll of the plant. There are usually six or seven seeds in a boll and up to 20,000 fibers attached to each seed. The fiber is most often spun into yarn or thread and used to make a soft, breathable textile. Although cultivated since antiquity, it was the invention of the cotton gin the most widely used as natural fiber cloth in clothing today. Cotton today is the most used textile fiber in the world. Its current market share is 56 percent for all fibers used for apparel and home furnishings and sold in the U.S. It is generally recognized that most consumers prefer cotton personal care items to those containing synthetic fibers. The largest rise in cotton production is connected with the invention of the saw-tooth cotton gin; it was possible to produce more cotton fiber, which resulted in big changes in the spinning and weaving industry.
1
FIBER STRUCTURE AND FORMATION:
Each cotton fiber is composed of concentric layers. The cuticle layer on the fiber itself is separable from the fiber and consists of wax and pectin materials. The primary wall, the most peripheral layer of the fiber, is composed of cellulosic crystalline fibrils. The secondary wall of the fiber consists of three distinct layers. The innermost part of cotton fiber- the lumen- is composed of the remains of the cell contents. Before boll opening, the lumen is filled with liquid containing the cell nucleus and protoplasm. The twists and convolutions of the dried fiber are due to the removal of this liquid. The cross section of the fiber is bean-shaped,