PI: Panic of 1857: broke out due to California gold inflating the currency and over-speculation in land and railroads. Two groups opposed the idea: Eastern industrialists feared that the free land would drain its supply of workers and the South feared that the West would fill up with free-soilers who would form anti-slavery states, unbalancing the Senate even more.…
Cited: Addison, John. "An account of the life, birth, death, parentage, and conversation, of Mr. John Addison, a most notorious highway-man, who being last sessions cast upon five several indictments, was executed at Tyburn, on Friday the 2d of March, 1710-11 With the Heads of the condemn 'd Sermon that was preach 'd to him by the Ordinary of Newgate, on this Text: I thought on my ways, and turn 'd my Feet unto thy Testimonies, Psal.119, ver.59. With the manner of his Tryal at the Sessions House in the Old Baily, and Condemnation, Behaviour whilst under Sentence of Death; and last dying Speech and Confession at the Place of Execution. Entered according to order. ." (1711): 1-8. Eighteenth Century Collections Online: Range 5604. Database. 22 Apr 2013.…
The sonoma county court system uses diversion services for its first time juvenile offenders for certain crimes. This diversion program starts before any trial begins and after the case is analyzed to see if it qualifies. These are a lot of drug and theft cases that juveniles in the community are guilty of.…
The 1960’s was an evolution of change in American history. When Earl Warren became Chief Justice of Supreme Court in 1953 it made the most dramatic changes and held a far more liberal view than any other Supreme Court before. Some of its most important rulings were on African-American civil liberties. The Supreme Court changed American law on segregation in schools, criminal procedure, and privacy rights. Before the Warren Court the American law treated blacks as second class citizens, and by the end of Justice Warren's term racial equality was inevitable.…
The Supreme Court has acted as a partisan political body instead of enforcing the constitution. Throughout the period of 1800 – 1830 the Marshall court was in order. Where John Marshall took over, and was high in most people’s eyes. Yet there was a major flaw. Most of his decisions in the court cases were bias, and more in favor of Federalist ideas and views. People are, by nature, bias. It takes remarkable training and will power to overcome ones natural prejudices.…
Have you ever wondered how the United States government works? The three main branches in our government are the legislative branch, the judicial branch, and the executive branch. They all work together to accomplish this goal of running this country as smoothly as possible.…
The case of Miller v. Alabama (2012) is the result of Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals case No. 10-9646, which involves a 14-year-old named Evan Miller who was convicted of aggravated murder, and sentenced by the Alabama state court to a mandatory term of life in prison without parole. Miller and a friend assaulted Miller 's neighbor, and set fire to his home after spending the evening drinking alcohol and using drugs. As a result of his actions, the neighbor died. Miller was originally charged as an adult; however, his case was removed to adult court, and he was charged with murder and arson. During the trial, the jury found Miller guilty of the crime, and he was sentenced to a punishment of life without parole as statutorily mandated (Supreme Court of the United States, 2011).…
The reporting structure is a very important tool in an organization. This structure is a chart that serves as a roadmap of management levels and positions. Every business has a chain of command and it is structured uniquely, depending on the organization. The structure of an organization, if not built correctly can destroy the organization just like a building with poor architecture. The blueprints clarify and build a strong foundation in which to grow or build an organization. Chipotle is a Mexican Grill Restaurant in the fast food industry that started out with one location in Colorado back in 1993. Today it has just more than 1,400 locations in the United States, Canada, England, and France. The structure of this organization has had to change and adapt to the growth of the business over time. Like a majority of businesses and organizations the vertical organizational structure is similar with multiple levels of hierarchy. At Chipotle, the top of the pyramid is fulfilled by the board of directors whom have the ultimate responsibility of making decisions for the entire company (Chipotle Mexican Grill, Inc., 2010). At the bottom of the pyramid there are the store managers, assistants, shift managers, and employees completing the everyday operational tasks that brings in the money. Between these two levels there are district and regional managers seeing over the many locations spread out across America and beyond.…
The court system in America has been around since the middle of the 1600’s and has played a crucial role in the development of how things are done when it comes to the criminal justice side. From today’s federal court and our typical state court, these dual court systems came about from a mutual agreement presented from our nation’s founders. In the last 200 years, states’ rights have gradually waned relative to the power of the federal government, but the dual-court system still exists. Even today, state courts do not hear cases involving alleged violations of federal law, nor do federal courts get involved in deciding issues of state law unless there is a conflict between local or state statutes (Schmalleger, Hall, & Dolatowski, 2010).…
Criminals were convicted before either a Manorial court or the King's court. Manorial courts were much like courts today with a jury and generally a just punishment was given that appeared to fit the crime whilst the King’s court used trial by ordeal that has been seen by historians as unjust and theatrical. Ordeals included ordeal by water (where the convicted either drowned and were not guilty or floated and were guilty), ordeal by fire ( the convicted was to hold a poker and burn themselves, if the wound healed in three days they were innocent) and ordeal by combat. Often minor misdeeds resulted in fines, being placed in the stocks or wearing a scolds bridle and severe crimes usually resulted in the loss of limbs, disfigurement, being burned to death, hung, buried alive or executed. Crime and punishment has always been an aspect of society, they existed in Medieval Europe in order to firstly, punish those who broke the law. As well as this punishment often mutilated, embarrassed, ruined people's chance to rise in society and killed people thus it acted as a deterrent – promoting obedience, it prevented serious criminals from committing crimes again (especially if they were convicted of treason) and those who convicted criminals were able to display their authority and power. Justice, deterrent and incapacitation – the three main reasons for its…
As the gavel sounds there is silence in the courtroom. The Judge has made his final decision, and the outcome is life without the possibility of parole. The courtroom is filled with mixed emotions and the prosecution and family have a sense of justice, although the family of the perpetrator feels anguish. Criminal court is perceived as the place of justice where criminals are punished and the victims get closure. This is a simplistic view of how the criminal justice system works; in reality the process is more complicated.…
Freeman, C.G. (2013). Supreme court cases of interest. Criminal Justice, 28(1), 46-49. Retrieved August 10, 2014 from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1353616933?accountid=458…
8. In a shootout with the armed guard during this a bank teller and police officer is shot.…
Schmalleger, F. (2010). Criminal law today: An introduction with capstone cases (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.…
The modern criminal justice system has evolved since ancient times, with new forms of punishment, added rights for offenders and victims, and policing reforms. These developments have reflected changing customs, political ideals, and economic conditions. In ancient times through the middle Ages, exile was a common form of punishment. During the Middle Ages, payment to the victim (or the victim's family), known as wergild, was another common punishment, including for violent crimes. For those who could not afford to buy their way out of punishment, harsh penalties included various forms of corporal punishment. These included mutilation, branding, and flogging, as well as execution.…