By comparing total crimes per population, we concluded the population per square mile is not a factor in determining the amount of crime: York County has a population of 9.01persons per square mile and it’s a high-crime county and Lane County has a population of 13.7 persons per square mile and is also a high-crime county; on the other hand, Lake County has a population of 4528.1 persons per square mile and Lee County has a population of 5609.25 persons per square mile and they are both considered low-crime counties. Therefore, our metric using total crimes, instead of a breakdown of individual categories of crimes and population provide the best methodology to identify and classify the levels of crime levels in the counties of…
Levitt and Dubner, in chapter 4 of their book “Freakonomics”: "Where Have All the Criminals Gone?" give a description of several interconnections in the midst of different instances. The two writers affirm that in 1988 and 1994, there was a reduction in the rates of crimes.…
The FBI released its annual Crime in the United States report for American cities on October 29, 2012 for Oregon and Washington cities. Nationally, violent crime fell for the fifth year in a row, dropping 4.5 percent (per 100,000 people) in 2011. Property crime fell for the ninth year in a row, dropping by 1.3 percent. The FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting Program collects data on specific violent crimes (murder and non-negligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault) and specific property crimes (burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft.) In 2011, six of the seven categories saw decreases nationally; only the number of burglaries increased, and that increase was slight (0.2 percent per 100,000 people). (Steele, 2012, p. 1)…
The central thesis and argument of this segment of Freakonomics are the reasons why the rates of crime in the United States rapidly reduce in recent years. I think this argument that Steven Levitt reasonably explains about decreasing American criminal rates in possible points. As Levitt’s explanations, he is arguing that an increase in the reliance on prisons, innovative policing strategies, changes in the crack market, lawful enforcements including to increase in police nationwide and gun-control laws, and a legalization of abortion. I personally also think that all of these reasons are definitely…
Cohen, L., & Felson, M. (1979). Social change and crime rate trends: A routine activity approach. In F. Cullen & R. Agnew (Eds.), Criminological Theory Past to…
Steven Levitt’s article explains the six misconceptions on why crime rate fell and provides the main reason the crime rate dropped which was the legalization of abortions in the United States in 1973. Abortions allowed women to not give birth to unwanted children which had a high chance of becoming criminals due to the lack of love, care, and attention the child would receive from his/her parents. The economist observed that in areas which legalized abortion before 1973 resulted in experiencing a decrease in their crime rates earlier than the rest of the United States and provided further validation for his hypothesis. The article makes use of tables, charts, and diagrams to explain to the reader how each contributing factor such as a strong…
This information is available to us because of programs designed to track the rate crimes increase in comparison to a component of the population. The crime rates are guidelines that help us manage the potential increase in future crimes and help us devise a system that is prepared to deal with the complications they pose to our society. There are three programs commonly used to establish crime rates.…
At the time of Christmas Day of 1989 was when there was an overlap of crime rate. While in Romania the abortion Nicolae Ceausescu went out of power the crime rate in the United States was at its peak. Eventually in 1990 crime rate began falling, so fast that no one had a clue as to what was going on and what was the cause of this. In 1991 to 2001 there was 8 articles published as how law changes the crime rate. When in all reality only three can be shown to have contributed to the drop in crime. Levitt believes that the rest of the articles are simply imagination. He also believes that one of the greatest causes of the crime drop does not appear on the list and also did not get any sort of mention on the newspaper.…
This chapter tackles the complex questions surrounding the sudden crime drop of the 1990’s. It dissects a slew of possible reasons and comes to a conclusion that wasn’t even originally listed, but was talked about at the beginning of the chapter. It begins discussing Nicolae Ceausescu, the communist dictator of Romania, and his abolishment of abortion. He felt the increase of child birth would ensure it a rapid increase of national strength. And he was right. Birth rate doubled, but these children had it worse in almost every way. They had lower test scores, bad luck finding jobs in the market, and were more likely to be criminals. This ban stayed in effect until the family lost control in 1989. The protesters were all very young and unhappy with their lives.…
The crime rate is represented as the number of crimes per unit of population. This enables control of the population size and allows for fair comparison. However, the crime index is un-weighted, meaning that each offense is summed and given the same weight as all other offenses. The crime rate is the total number of seven of the original index crimes per 100,000…
This paper explores the differences between two metropolitan areas from the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s Uniform Crime Reports of 2010-2012. You will read about the rates of crime for each area, which area had the most reported incidents, and did the rates change over time in either area. Also, this paper will explain what factors might explain the difference in the rates for these metropolitan areas and touch bases on what exactly is a Uniform Crime Report. Followed by my conclusion and future study along with references I used at the end.…
Messner, S., Galea, S., & Tardiff, K. (2007). Policing, drugs, and the homicide decline in New York City in the 1990s. Criminology, 45, 385-413. Retrieved June 21, 2010, from www.gsu.edu…
Ever wonder, how does researchers come up with certain statistics for the U.S when it comes to crime? Or, how would one know where criminal activity would be in their community based on facts? Examining crime measurement primarily in the United States can be determined and based on multiple factors. These factors are soon to be discussed which will include instruments that are used to measure crime, major crime reporting programs and their purposes, crime rates, arrest rates, clearance rates, and recidivism rates. This paper also will address the criminal justice interactive video, how crime rates can be deceiving, arrest rates in relation to crime, if there is an ultimate resolution with these specific rates in relation to preventing criminal activity, and certain statistics that tell us about crime as a whole in the United States. All these factors and more will explain how crime is measured in our country.…
The United States is marked by criminal justice difficulties. In a nation as diverse as this country, it is complex to effectively establish a manner in which to deflect crime. Since the middle of the 20th century the crime rate soared quickly. This held true especially for violent crimes. However, since the 1980’s crime rates in the United States have felt a steep decline. According to the FBI Uniform Crime Report, the 2012 estimated violent crime total was 12.9 percent below the 2008 level and 12.2 below the 2003 level. The UCR is an official report on crime in the United States that is published…
Detroit has decreased by a total of 4,418 cases from 2006 to 2010 (Offenses Known to Law Enforcement by State and By City, 2006, n.d.). However; Detroit’s arson crimes has increased by 223 cases whereas Miami stays about the same by decreasing only six cases. Although population has increased in Detroit since 2006 to 2010 by 14,985 in population violent crimes has decreased by 4,418 cases (Offenses Known to Law Enforcement by State and By City, 2006, n.d.). A major contributing factor to the decrease in crimes is the evolution of criminal justice system, and police technology. However, the city of Miami had other results. Because of a significant increase in population by 47,548 inhabitants crime also increased. Surprisingly, only two crimes dropped dramatically in the city of Miami. Motor vehicle theft has dropped by 1,430 cases and rape crimes have lessened by 55…