Criminal Justice

Denise Murry Chapter 13
TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. _T___1) A victim is any individual against whom an offense has been committed. __T__2) During the Golden Age of the Victim, the state exerted complete control over the punishment of the offender. __T__3). The programs may be under funded, but today all 50 states have passed legislation providing monetary payments to crime victims. ___T_4) Most victim/witness assistance programs are staffed by highly trained professionals. __T__5) Advocates for victims' rights assert the fundamental right of victims to be equitably represented throughout the criminal justice process. ___T_6) When the victim's movement began, the idea of rights for victims of crime was already central to the criminal justice system. ___T_7) Son of Sam laws have faced challenges under the First Amendment's guarantee of the right to freedom of expression. __F__8) Victim impact statements have a significant influence on sentencing judges.

__T_9) The National Crime Victimization Survey typically uncovers more crime than the Uniform Crime Reports. ___F_10) The UCR Program uses a hierarchy rule which requires that only the most serious offense in a multiple offense criminal incident be counted.

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 11) The Right of ________ is a statutory provision permitting crime victims to speak at the sentencing of convicted offenders. Answer:_____Allocution_______________ 12) The David Berkowitz case resulted in notoriety-for-profit laws or Son of ________ laws. Answer:_Sam’s___________________ 13) The statistics of the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program are collected by the ________. Answer:___Police Departments_________________ 14) _ males aged 12 to 24 experience violent crime at a rate significantly higher than the rates for other population groups. Answer:____Black________________

Chapter 14

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false. _T___15) Restorative justice is a sentencing model that attempts to make the victim "whole again." ___T_16) Concurrent sentencing mandates long prison sentences for offenders who are convicted of a third felony offense. __T__17) Selective incapacitation is a sentencing strategy that imprisons offenders considered to be the most dangerous. __F__18) Proportionality is a sentencing principle that holds that the severity of sanctions should be much more severe than the severity of the crime committed. __T__19) Federal truth in sentencing legislation encourages the states to guarantee that certain violent offenders will actually be in prison for close to the amount of time they were sentenced. ___T_20) Hate crimes are defined by what motivated the offender's conduct. ___T_21) Capital punishment is the imposition of a sentence of life without parole for first degree murder. _T___22) The number of annual executions has been steadily rising as changes in the law and recent Supreme Court decisions facilitated an increasing rate of legal death. ___T_23) A comprehensive study showed that the impact of boot camp programs on offender recidivism is at best negligible. __F__24) House arrest with electronic monitoring is more expensive than housing an offender in jail.

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 25) Retribution, deterrence, rehabilitation, restoration and incapacitation are all ________ rationales. Answer:___Sentencing_________________ 26) One fundamental way to distinguish ________ from violations of the civil law is to recognize that they are subject to punishment. Answer:_____crimes_______________ 27) ________ is a court requirement that an offender pay money or provide services to the victim of the crime or provide services to the community. Answer:_Restoration/Restitution___________________ 28) ________ justice attempts to balance the legitimate needs of the community, the offender and the victim. Answer:___Restorative 29) ________ is a sentence of imprisonment that is deferred. Answer:_____Incapacitation_______________ 30) Special Challenge Question…. Who was the only US President to have ever been a Supreme Court Justice? William Howard Taft.