In Ferguson v Walkley (2008) 17 VR 647, Harper J said (at [1]), “The principles of democratic governance have had difficulty in accommodating laws designed to deal with offensive behaviour — with which I include offensive language.”
Later in that same case, Harper J observed (at [5]), “According to Professors Bronitt and McSherry, “[c]riminalising offensive language or conduct has the potential to interfere with the freedom of expression, assembly and association protected by
Arts 19, 21 and 22 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights” — and, more relevantly for present purposes — those rights protected by ss 15 and 16 of the
Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities.” (citations deleted.)
His Honour was addressing documents that have no direct legislative application in
Queensland; nevertheless, the general point he made has substance.
Queensland laws dealing with offensive behaviour were once found in the Vagrants
Gaming and Other Offences Act 1931, and can now be found in the Summary Offences
Act 2005, particularly at s6. You can find the Summary Offences Act 2005 and commentary in your copy of Carter.
In Theophanous v Herald and Weekly Times Ltd (1994) 182 CLR 104 and Lange v
ABC (1997) 189 CLR 520, the High Court found that the Australian Constitution implied certain rights with respect to political speech.
Those cases were about mainstream media publications, but a question arises about the extent to which those ideas extend to less formal methods of conveying ideas that might be thought to have a political dimension.
In Coleman v Power (2004) 220 CLR 1, the High Court considered the effect of the constitutional ideas in Theophanous and Lange on summary offence laws relating to public order. Mr Coleman also litigated related legal issues in Coleman v Kinbacher
[2003] QCA 575. (You should not assume that the cases referred to in this question are the only cases on point.)
What limitations, if any, have the High