Critical Incident Stress Debriefing Essay
Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD) in its simplest form is psychological first aid done typically within the first 24 to 48 hours, of an incident to individuals who have been exposed to a sever psychological trauma.
The Mitchell Model is used by many police agencies throughout the United States. This model was first introduced in 1974 by Jeffrey T. Mitchell, Ph.D. after police officers and firefighters were distressed by a traumatic and often time gruesome event. The first article CISD appeared in 1983 in the Journal of Emergency Medical Services. Objectives of the debriefings include: mitigation of the trauma, facilitating of the recovery proses of adaptive functions in psychologically healthy people, and identify people who might …show more content…
Phase 2 – Facts: This phase is briefing of the facts, and details are discouraged among participants. This phase is used to start the dialog with participants, and small amount of dissection is allowed. to lower the anxiety levels.
Phase 3 – Thoughts: “The thought phase is a transition from the cognitive domain toward the affective domain. It is easier to speak of what one’s thoughts than to focus immediately on the most painful aspects of the event” (Mitchell 1974)
Phase 4 – Reactions: This phase is what is called the “heart” of CISD. Participants are allowed to express their feeling of the incident. Feelings include anger, feelings of loss, confusion, and extreme sadness.
Phase 5 – Symptoms: In this phase questions are asked “How has this tragic experience shown up in your life?” or “What cognitive, physical, emotional, or behavioral symptoms have you been dealing with since this event?”
Phase 6 – Teaching: In this phase stress management material is used to address normalization of the symptoms.
Phase 7 – Re-entry: This is the final phase where the incident is summarized, guidance, and final thoughts are
The Mitchell Model is used by many police agencies throughout the United States. This model was first introduced in 1974 by Jeffrey T. Mitchell, Ph.D. after police officers and firefighters were distressed by a traumatic and often time gruesome event. The first article CISD appeared in 1983 in the Journal of Emergency Medical Services. Objectives of the debriefings include: mitigation of the trauma, facilitating of the recovery proses of adaptive functions in psychologically healthy people, and identify people who might …show more content…
Phase 2 – Facts: This phase is briefing of the facts, and details are discouraged among participants. This phase is used to start the dialog with participants, and small amount of dissection is allowed. to lower the anxiety levels.
Phase 3 – Thoughts: “The thought phase is a transition from the cognitive domain toward the affective domain. It is easier to speak of what one’s thoughts than to focus immediately on the most painful aspects of the event” (Mitchell 1974)
Phase 4 – Reactions: This phase is what is called the “heart” of CISD. Participants are allowed to express their feeling of the incident. Feelings include anger, feelings of loss, confusion, and extreme sadness.
Phase 5 – Symptoms: In this phase questions are asked “How has this tragic experience shown up in your life?” or “What cognitive, physical, emotional, or behavioral symptoms have you been dealing with since this event?”
Phase 6 – Teaching: In this phase stress management material is used to address normalization of the symptoms.
Phase 7 – Re-entry: This is the final phase where the incident is summarized, guidance, and final thoughts are