critical thinking
CRITICAL THINKING
“Learning without thought is labour lost.” – Confucius
Richard Paul (a prominent advocate of CRITICAL THINKING) says, “Alternative solutions are often not given, they must be generated or thought-up. Critical thinkers must be creative thinkers as well generating possible solutions in order to find the best one. Very often a problem persists, not because we can’t tell which available solution is best, but because the best solution has not yet been made available – no one has thought of it yet.”
According to Edward Glaser (1941)… Critical thinking calls for a persistent effort to examine any belief or supposed form of knowledge in the light of the evidence that supports it and the further conclusions to which it tends.
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY & CRITICAL THINKING
Evaluation, synthesis, analysis, (HOTS) application, comprehension & knowledge(LOTS).
Revised by Krathwol & Anderson in 2001, synthesizing is highest thinking skills instead of evaluation.
CRITICAL THINKING
Weigh up arguments and evidence for and against
Complete process of deliberation which involves a wide range of skills and attitudes. Process includes:-
Identifying other people’s positions, arguments and conclusions.
Evaluating the evidence for alternative points of view.
Being able to read between the lines, seeing behind surfaces and identifying false or unfair assumptions.
Drawing conclusions about whether arguments are valid and justifiable, based on good evidence and sensible assumptions.
Presenting a point of view in a structured, clear, well-reasoned way that convinces others.
REASONING
Knowing our own reasons:
Critical thinking is assosciated with reasoning.
Starts with ourselves. INCLUDES:
Identifying reasons for what we believe and do and being aware of what these are;
Critically evaluating our own beliefs and actions
Being able to present to others the reason for our beliefs and actions.
Critical analysis of other people’s reasoning
Critical reasoning usually
“Learning without thought is labour lost.” – Confucius
Richard Paul (a prominent advocate of CRITICAL THINKING) says, “Alternative solutions are often not given, they must be generated or thought-up. Critical thinkers must be creative thinkers as well generating possible solutions in order to find the best one. Very often a problem persists, not because we can’t tell which available solution is best, but because the best solution has not yet been made available – no one has thought of it yet.”
According to Edward Glaser (1941)… Critical thinking calls for a persistent effort to examine any belief or supposed form of knowledge in the light of the evidence that supports it and the further conclusions to which it tends.
BLOOM’S TAXONOMY & CRITICAL THINKING
Evaluation, synthesis, analysis, (HOTS) application, comprehension & knowledge(LOTS).
Revised by Krathwol & Anderson in 2001, synthesizing is highest thinking skills instead of evaluation.
CRITICAL THINKING
Weigh up arguments and evidence for and against
Complete process of deliberation which involves a wide range of skills and attitudes. Process includes:-
Identifying other people’s positions, arguments and conclusions.
Evaluating the evidence for alternative points of view.
Being able to read between the lines, seeing behind surfaces and identifying false or unfair assumptions.
Drawing conclusions about whether arguments are valid and justifiable, based on good evidence and sensible assumptions.
Presenting a point of view in a structured, clear, well-reasoned way that convinces others.
REASONING
Knowing our own reasons:
Critical thinking is assosciated with reasoning.
Starts with ourselves. INCLUDES:
Identifying reasons for what we believe and do and being aware of what these are;
Critically evaluating our own beliefs and actions
Being able to present to others the reason for our beliefs and actions.
Critical analysis of other people’s reasoning
Critical reasoning usually