Preview

Critically Asses the View That We Are Not Responsible for Our Actions

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
377 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Critically Asses the View That We Are Not Responsible for Our Actions
Critically asses the view that we are not responsible for our actions
Is it true that the society we live in, we have the right to make and produce our own decisions and its purely down to each individual to any actions they produce? In this essay I will explore if we have the right to be responsible for any action we take. Some may believe its down to God and his decisions, obviously, this cannot be proved, however surely each human have the right to be responsible for any actions. This question comes down to; do we have free will or is it determinism?
A key case which questioned this question would be the Darrow trial. Successfully, the Lawyer was able to reduce the death penalty to life imprisonment, blaming that it was other factors such as power that made them do this action. He therefore believed that we are all not responsible for our action other factors must also be responsible not purl down to that individual.
A prime example of an ethical theory which backs up this trial is Determinism. This means all our actions all have prior causes going back to the first cause which is God, therefore any evil action is inevitable. Determinism states that freedom of choice is just an illusion and so personal responsibility is a meaningless concept, as are the blame and punishment. This sort of determinism would be hard determinism. Therefore, determinism followers would reject that we have free will.
Hard determinism followers such as John Hospers said that there is always something which compels each human to externally and internally perform an action that we would consider was the result of our own free will. He says “it is all a matter of luck”. Hospers would strongly agree that we are not responsible for any actions. He believes in other factors.
Carrying on from this, behaviourism is an extreme modern version of hard determinism. It states that all our actions are due to the social conditioning and subconscious influences. John B. Watson discussed

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    were given a questionnaire to view their “general satisfaction” (Tierney 2). Tierney claimed that people who believe in free will “scored better job ratings” (Tierney 2). This proves that believing in free will can lead to a more ethical society through believing that a person has control on their actions. In other words, a teenager would understand that stealing is wrong; therefore, he knows that it’s his choice to steal. In the back of the teenagers head, he has to think of the consequences. This proves that when a person believes that he has free will, he is more likely to think of…

    • 479 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Unit 8 Assignment 2

    • 4190 Words
    • 12 Pages

    Firstly behaviourist theories within psychology, generally believe that all behaviour is learnt and can be shaped through principles of conditioning, which was suggested by two different psychologists, ‘Skinner’ and ‘Pavlov’. This approach is to be able to understand different aspects of human behaviour, this is sometimes referred to as the learning theory. These can result from either classical conditioning or operant conditioning.…

    • 4190 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Unit 8 P1 M2

    • 3137 Words
    • 10 Pages

    Behavioural psychology, also known as behaviourism, is a theory of learning based upon the idea that all behaviours are acquired through conditioning. Conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment. According to behaviourism, behaviour can be studied in a systematic and observable manner with no consideration of internal mental states.…

    • 3137 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The behaviourist theory of psychology was founded by J.B Watson in 1959, and is based around the idea that individuals act in a certain manner because they’ve learnt to behave that way due to a factor in their environment that stimulates a positive or a negative response from them.…

    • 5819 Words
    • 24 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Consider this. Sadie walks into the store intending to buy M&Ms. Instead she chooses against it because she would rather have Skittles. So she checks out and merrily goes on her way with her Skittles. Is this free will? What if she had wanted to buy marijuana, but that was not there because it is illegal? Is that still free will? Or is someone or something controlling the choices she makes? Or how about this case. Joe gets arrested for stealing. He goes to jail without having the option to say no. Is this free will? Well, it was free will when Joe was stealing. Joe chose to steal, therefore he received the punishment, which was made clear in laws for that county. Yes, that is free will. But, do we really have free will, or are we given guidelines that make us believe we have free will but in reality are controlled by someone in authority?…

    • 951 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Better Essays

    The debate between freewill and determinism stems from the apparent conflict between the universal rule of causality that is deeply rooted in nature, and between the apparent ability of human beings to choose between multiple courses of action in order to lead to the most desirable outcome. The universal rule of causality simply claims that inorganic matter such as tables, chairs and rocks are acted upon by whatever forces affect it, however, human beings seem to be an exception to this rule by their unique ability to ponder about how to go about making decisions in their life and which…

    • 1181 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Better Essays

    The Merriam-Webster dictionary defines philosophical determinism as “the belief that all events are caused by things that happened before them and that people have no real ability to make choices or control what happens; a theory or doctrine that acts of the will, occurrences in nature, or social or psychological phenomena are causally determined by preceding events or natural laws; a belief in predestination, the quality or state of being determined” (1). Does this mean that whatever action we make is a choice that doesn’t belong to us, but is rather a result of complex events that surround us? Do people have a right to justify some of their actions, and can be excused due to an idea that they do not act voluntarily?…

    • 1021 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Gary Gutting, the author of the article, What Makes Free Will Free? deliberates that we do not have free choice as we assumed which a researcher confirmed. By free choice, this means the conviction that our conduct is dictated by our own unrestrained choice and that we have complete power over our activities. Also, Gary Gutting examined various thoughts on determinism as the researchers suggested. Determinism refers to the conviction that all human conduct or any other occurrences have a cause. This is opposed to a person's will to accomplish an action. Gary Gutting discussed what David Hume, a philosopher, believed and the belief of David Hume is that both determinism and free choice are possible, they are compatible with each…

    • 1857 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Our thoughts and desires are predetermined by the chemical impulses in our brains. Isaac Newton believed in this theory stating that our universe is run by nature law. So as a compatibilist I think the scientific approach is not the right way about free will. I believe that our free action is one that is caused by the agent's desires and beliefs, and our moral responsibility is a reason for praise and blame as well as for personal…

    • 632 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The same people who believe that they are freely making choices also believe that the world has come to the point it is at because of past events. The world is a giant web of causes and effects. Hard determinists argue that because everything has a cause, no decision is made freely. Instead, every choice and action ever made is the result of a preceding event or events that led to the action. Advocates of libertarian free will explain this by noting the difference between the events of the world from events in the mind, or thoughts. Events that occur in the world are deterministic, with everything having a cause and effect. Libertarian free will draws the line at the human mind. It says that the mind makes its own decisions and create an entirely new set of causes in the physical world. This debate begins to focus on whether or not the human mind is capable of making its own decisions, something to which new technology and science are giving new insight. For the past 50 years or so, neuroscience has come to the conclusion that the brain does not make its own decisions, but uses past events and experiences to determine which action is…

    • 440 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    I personally believe that we as human beings are given free will. For instance, lets say there is an all omniscient God and lets say he knows what we will do and what our destiny is but he sends you a problem to over come such as,…

    • 665 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Arguments about free will are mostly semantic arguments about definitions. Most experts who deny free will are arguing against peculiar, unscientific versions of the idea, such as that free will means that causality is not involved. These arguments leave untouched the meaning of free will that most people understand which is consciously making choices about what to do in the absence of external coercion, and accepting responsibility for one’s actions. Hardly anyone denies that people engage in logical reasoning and self-control to make…

    • 890 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Perspectives, Psychology

    • 1381 Words
    • 6 Pages

    The freewill versus determinism debate refers to the question of whether a person has control their over behaviour and understands the motives behind it (freewill), or if their behavior is determined by some force over them and have no control (Determinism), such as their genetics or upbringing. Although they are both very different perspectives believe both nature and nurture to play an important role in the development of someone’s personality and behavior. Psychoanalysts tend to believe in determinism, as a result of perceived unconscious influences on the character, and humanists believe in free will.…

    • 1381 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Basic Argument Analysis

    • 1443 Words
    • 6 Pages

    As suggested by Robert Kane in A Contemporary Introduction to Free Will, Premise (2) of the Basic Argument is where an objection must be made. According to Kane, “Is it the case that to be truly responsible for what you do, you must be truly responsible for the way you are (for your nature or character)?”2 As Kane suggests, through the examples of Mc Veigh (Oklahoma City Bombing 1995), Dylan, and Klebold (Columbine High School Massacre 1999), we hold these individuals responsible for their acts. The reason we hold them responsible is, “we think they were responsible, at least in part, for becoming the kinds of persons who would commit such acts.”3 Essentially, the…

    • 1443 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Majority of philosopher have debated the existence of free well, or ability to choose freely and control their actions. Ultimately, free will determines the level of responsibility we claim for our actions. Obviously, if outside forces determine our choices, we cannot be held responsible for our actions. However, if our choices are made with total freedom than certainly we must claim responsibility for our choices and actions. There are some objections to the idea of free will presented by philosophers such as Holbach; however,…

    • 1401 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays