4-6: Why did lung function in the deflated (left) lung return to normal after you clicked Reset?…
The homogenates provided were made by homogenizing tissues in a sucrose phosphate buffer in a 1:20 ratio. The protein concentration in bovine cells was measured by diluting the homogenate with a 1:5 ratio; 50 microliters of homogenate and 200 microliters of water. Then 5 known protein concentration samples which were 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6, 2.0 mg/ml of bovine serum were used to determine absorbance with a spectrophotometer. Two additional samples were made; one was blank and the other was for the specific homogenate sample. Then 3 microliters of bradford assay reagent, which indicates the amount of protein present by color, was added to all samples. The spectrophotometer was zeroed at 595 nm. A standard curve was made with the different absorbencies and concentrations. After the linear equation was formed, the unknown sample concentration was determined using the standard curve equation. A Gel Electrophoresis was used to perform a qualitative analysis. The use of 5 microliters of the homogenate was heated to 80 degrees Celsius. Then the homogenate was transferred to a 2-microliter-protein gel sample buffer. Samples loaded on to the gel was run at 100 v and stained with comassie blue; observations were made next lab. (Clendening 2014)…
The purpose of this experiment is to see whether or not temperature plays a role in the percent change during diffusion or osmosis.…
Observations: The color changing process took longer than we had expected. We observed that after putting the penny in the beaker, the zinc powder surround the penny, which helped it changed its color. We couldn’t complete the experiment so when we took the penny from the beaker, the change in the color wasn’t completed. There were some dark spots and some light parts.…
Obtain for dry test tubes and number them 1 through 4. Prepare two dry Pasteur pipets with bulbs attached. Place 9.0 mL of hexane, 2.0 ml of acetone, and 2.0 mL of solution of 70% hexane-30% acetone into separate Erlenmeyer flask. Label and stopper each flask. Place 0.3 mL of a solution containing fluorine and fluorenone into a small test tube. Stopper the test tube. Prepare one 10-cm x 4.3 cm TLC with four marks for spotting. Prepare four micropipets to spot the plates.…
The overall goal of experiment four was to determine the identity of unknown cations presented to the student. But in order to know the identity of these unknowns, in part 1, Ag+, Pb+, and Hg22+ were presented to the student in aqueous solutions and then precipitated through experimentation. In part 2, the same procedure was enacted to determine which substances precipitated through qualitative analysis. Solubility rules were also a major theme as solubility is important in determining whether a reaction will produce a precipitate.…
In this lab, we will take a trip to the planetarium lab and will learn about Right ascension and declination, and altitude and zenith. After looking at the different points shown, we will log the altitude and zenith in the chart in our lab manual. Now we will look at the same points and label the right ascension and declination. Then we will learn about the easiest way to locate the star Polaris.…
The number of electrons forming a charge cloud around the nucleus is (pick one of the following) greater than; equal to; smaller than the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom.…
The cold pressor test is done by having the subject submerge their hands in a bucket of cold water to determine cardiovascular changes such as blood pressure and heart rate. For this experiment we wanted to know how long participant can keep their feet in the bucket of ice water before they experience any pain while looking at neutral and positive pictures and also rate the intensity of their pain. For this reason we hypothesized that, if participant submerged their feet in a bucket of water while looking at the positive stimulus, it would take them a long time to experience pain and will keep their feet in the bucket of ice for a long time than when participant are looking the neutral stimuli while they have their feet in the bucket of ice, we also hypothesized that heart rate will increase the longer participant keep their feet in the ice water. The null hypotheses was that, if participant submerge their feet in a bucket of water while looking at positive stimulus, it would take them the same amount of time to experience pain as when they are looking at the neutral stimulus and that heart rate will stay the same throughout the experiment…
The objective of this lab was to consult for the FDA regarding a recently surfaced scandal involving false reporting of iron content in cereal as well as iron tablets. The makers of the cereal and the iron tablets, respectively, were allegedly reporting higher amounts of iron in their products than actually existed, as a way to save money but continue to provide products with “adequate” amounts of iron. The FDA needed consulting in order to analyze the products and use the data to determine the true amount of iron in each product, as well as confirm that the iron was usable by the human body. The methods used to analyze the products, data, and results will be provided in the sections below.…
Sodium Chloride(NaCL), the salt that is applied to roads, is the most common practice to reduce ice on roads in Minnesota and around snowy parts of the United States. Salt has been the most effective means of deicing roads because it lowers the freezing point of water, there for melting the snow, and it is the one of the cheapest products to use. According to a study done by Marquette University in 1992, accident rates are eight times higher when salt is not applied to icy, snowy roads. Salt is proven an effective reducer of accidents (Kuemmel). What people commonly are not aware of is that salt is generally effective until 15 degrees farenheit. After that point, the salts ability to break the bond between the ice and the road rapidily decreases until, at about 5f, salt is no longer a method to melt ice.…
First, I would take a sample from different areas of the water to test the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water. Then after completing this test, I would check to see if there is” of course “an increase in the fish present in the water. This observation would help keep track of the fish present in different areas of the water and furthermore, I would be able to compare results.…
The information gained from this experiment will benefit society by proving what brand of anti-freeze is the safest for our environment.…
Through three different experiments we were to find the quality of NaCl as a deicer. These experiments included testing the freezing point depression of NaCl in solution at two different concentrations, testing for the H of an aqueous NaCl solution, and combining NaCl with MgCl2 in an aqueous solution to test for freezing point depression. Through these various experiments we found NaCl to be the best deicer for our region due to its proficient freezing point depression and its cost efficiency.…
There are many chemicals that are used to de-ice surfaces. Sodium chloride (salt) is used the most for de-icing, because it isn’t expensive and always is available in big quantities. It is spread on the icy roads by specially designed snowplows or dump trucks, with sand and gravel. The salt works by dissolving into the rain or sleet on roads and lowering the freezing point, thereby melting the ice and snow or even preventing it from forming. Since salt water freezes at -18 degrees Celsius it is pointless when the temperature goes down below this level. Getting rid of ice has many benefits, but sometimes if you have too many chemicals it can have a bad effect on the environment. Salt water also has a strong tendency to break down objects. It rusts the steel used in most vehicles.…