DEMOGRAPHY 111 LECTURER S NOTES
INTRODUCTION TO DEMOGRAPHY
Demography is the scientific study of size, composition (structure) as well as change in the human population through the interaction of fertility, mortality and migration.
Demography is dynamic and not static; it makes considerable use of mathematics and statistics.
Demography involves the analysis of the determinants and consequences of the change in demographic phenomena i.e. fertility, mortality and migration.
DEMOGRAPHIC TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Population size is the number in absolute terms of people in a defined territory or space. It can also be expressed in relative terms i.e. percentage.
Population Composition refers to the constituent elements that make up a population i.e. the make-up, structure or profile of the population e.g. age and sex. Others are marital status, race, ethnicity, occupation etc.
Population Growth or Change is the increase or decrease of population in absolute or relative terms.
Fertility is the number of births occurring in a population.
Mortality is the number of deaths occurring in a population.
Migration is the number of movements of people in and out of a particular population (area).It can be internal or international. Migration is also concerned with spatial distribution of the population in space.
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
It is the location of the population in a space.
It is the concentration of the population in a certain area.
It is the dispersion of the population in a space.
ANNUAL POPULATION GROWTH RATE
The population can grow geometrically i.e. growing annually.
It can also grow exponentially.
The process of population change can be expressed in the balancing of the population equation or balancing equation.
Type equation here.
e.g.:
N.B: Immigration and Emigration i.e. I and E are used incase of International migration. Incase of Internal migration use In and Out of a population area i.e. I and O.
DISTINCTION BETWEEN FORMAL DEMOGRAPHY AND POPULATION STUDIES
1) FORMAL DEMOGRAPHY
Formal
Demography is the scientific study of size, composition (structure) as well as change in the human population through the interaction of fertility, mortality and migration.
Demography is dynamic and not static; it makes considerable use of mathematics and statistics.
Demography involves the analysis of the determinants and consequences of the change in demographic phenomena i.e. fertility, mortality and migration.
DEMOGRAPHIC TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
Population size is the number in absolute terms of people in a defined territory or space. It can also be expressed in relative terms i.e. percentage.
Population Composition refers to the constituent elements that make up a population i.e. the make-up, structure or profile of the population e.g. age and sex. Others are marital status, race, ethnicity, occupation etc.
Population Growth or Change is the increase or decrease of population in absolute or relative terms.
Fertility is the number of births occurring in a population.
Mortality is the number of deaths occurring in a population.
Migration is the number of movements of people in and out of a particular population (area).It can be internal or international. Migration is also concerned with spatial distribution of the population in space.
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
It is the location of the population in a space.
It is the concentration of the population in a certain area.
It is the dispersion of the population in a space.
ANNUAL POPULATION GROWTH RATE
The population can grow geometrically i.e. growing annually.
It can also grow exponentially.
The process of population change can be expressed in the balancing of the population equation or balancing equation.
Type equation here.
e.g.:
N.B: Immigration and Emigration i.e. I and E are used incase of International migration. Incase of Internal migration use In and Out of a population area i.e. I and O.
DISTINCTION BETWEEN FORMAL DEMOGRAPHY AND POPULATION STUDIES
1) FORMAL DEMOGRAPHY
Formal