Preview

Design the Optimum Grid and Power Sources for Sarawak

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
3802 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Design the Optimum Grid and Power Sources for Sarawak
PEOPLE & SKILLS
Institute of Training Development

ASSIGNMENT
Design the Optimum Grid and Power Sources for Sarawak

Assignment submitted in fulfilment of requirements for the degree of
Bachelor in Electrical Engineering

Faculty of Engineering
Multimedia University
2013

DR. IR PRASHOBH KARUNAKARAN
Table of Contents
Details Pages
Contents i
Title ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Abstract v
Contents vi
List of Figures vii
List of Tables viii
List of abbreviations, symbols and specialized nomenclature ix

1.0 Introduction 1
1.1 Design the Optimum Grid and Power Source for Sarawak 2 1.2 The History and Future of Sarawak 2 1.3 The Future 500kV Backbone Transmission Line...............................................6 1.4 The Potential of Hydro Power in Sarawak 8
1.5 The Protection System 12
1.6 Future Plan 14
1.7 Conclusion 16

2.0 Literature Review 2
2.1 http://www.theborneopost.com/2013/06/09/the-future-of-hydropower-in-sarawak 2.2 The Future Hydropower in Malaysia.pdf 2.3 SEB Annual Report 2010 2.4 The Evolution of System Protection Schemes for the Sarawak Power System

i
3.0 List of Figures 3
3.1 Figure 1 Existing 275kv and 132 kV Transmission Lines (2010) . 3
3.2 Figure 2 Sarawak Energy Loading . 4
3.3 Figure 3 Existing Sarawak Energy Loading 2013. 4
3.4 Figure 4 Present State Grid System 5
3.5 Figure 5 Future 500kV Backbone 6
3.6 Figure 6 Potential Hydro Powers 10
3.7 Figure 7 Bakun Hydro Power 10
3.8 Figure 8 Murum Project 11
3.9 Figure 9 Evolutions of Protection Schemes 12
3.10 Figure 10 Operation Philosophy for SPS system 13
3.11 Figure 11 SEB Future Development 14
3.11 Figure 12 Smart Grid System 16
4.0 List of Table 4
4.1 Table 1 Projected Load Demand in Sarawak 2010 to 2020 5
4.2 Table 2 Successful bidders 6
5.0 List of Abbreviations, Symbols And Specialized Nomenclature 5
5.1 SEB Sarawak Energy Berhad
5.2 SCORE Sarawak



Citations: 1. The Evolution of System Protection Schemes for the Sarawak Power System by Victor Wong (2012). 2. Bruno Manser Fonds (November, 2012).

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    4. EL-ALI, A. and Moubayed, N. and Outbib, R. (2007), Comparison between solar and wind energy in Lebanon.9th International conference. Electrical power Quality and Utilisation: IEEE.…

    • 900 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Smart Grid Summary

    • 296 Words
    • 2 Pages

    It is a reality that existing traditional model of electricity generation and distribution is very old and not efficient. Technological advances applied in every sector nowadays but not in electricity generation model. As a result of high demand, the traditional model has become too costly, and now oil costs increased, and especially coal-fired generation has contributed to environmental pollution. And traditional model has big problems in terms of security since some big horrendous experiences with electricity deregulations and blackouts. A Smart Model is defined as distributed generation, renewable energy, renewable portfolio standards and the Smart Grid. This model responds to concerns about energy, environment and security. Distributed Generation aims to make production locally instead of large regional heavy grids for transmission and distribution. Solar cells and wind tribunes will take the place. The goal in changing the production type to small scale is, economic efficiencies by removing producers from the grid, environmental benefits , energy efficiencies , energy security advantages from terroristic attack, catastrophic accidents.. Article also put emphasis on pricing electricity. Traditional model is based on an average cost of electric generation no matter using it in a peak demand time or a regular time. Peak time electric generation cost is more expensive than regular hours because existing system has older and inefficient generation plants which are normally not used but being used to fulfill high demand in peak hours and also distribution cost is high because of high demand for electricity creates transmission congestion. Smart pricing provides marginal cost will give a more comfortable using style to consumer and help to conservation of energy. In last part of the article express with mathematical calculations that installation of smart meters is highly cost-effective than adding new generation and transmission capacity to existing electrical…

    • 296 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    When a business makes a capital investment, it incurs a current cash outlay in the expectation of future benefits. Usually, these benefits extend beyond one year in the future. Investment is asset such as equipment, buildings and land as well as the introduction of a new product, a new distribution system, or a new program for research and development. The firms future success and profitability depend on long-term decisions currently made.…

    • 2177 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Under normal conditions electrical transmission systems operate in their steady-state mode and the basic calculation required to determine the characteristics of this state is termed load flow (or…

    • 2377 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Persuasive: Nuclear Energy

    • 1790 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Ever since humanity has existed, there has been an increasing demand for energy as a means of survival, from its usage for cooking and warmth, all the way to electricity generation for production and agricultural activities.…

    • 1790 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    This paper has identified the problems with solar home system in Dhaka city. In spite of significant success of solar home system in the rural sector, this new industry is not without its problems which include high cost, sub standard solar panels and battery, low generation capacity and lack of knowledge about the technology. Our research is limited to the problems faced in acquiring, installing and using Solar Home System (SHS) in the residential apartments of urban Dhaka city. This proposed exploratory research is based on both primary and secondary data. Primary research includes lead-user survey of housing developers and suppliers of the technology to identify the problems in acquiring and installing Solar Home System, a pilot survey on the end-users of solar-power, namely, the households residing in those apartments with solar home system, and finally an experience survey to identify the causes and possible solutions of the problems. In analysis of the qualitative data, two methods of analysis has been used: analytical induction & data display and analysis has been used. The findings from this analysis have been used to develop hypothesis and suggest further studies. This research has found that the government regulation is very vague and has been imposed on households who lack sufficient knowledge, incentive and interest to implement Solar Home System (SHS). The market also lacks regulation to monitor and control quality and price. Housing developers are yet to realize this discrepancy in quality so there is no benchmark in the market. Solar panels and batteries use-up a lot of space in the apartment buildings which is a big concern for the developers. However, many apartments have made clever installation of the equipments maximizing the utility of existing common space without creating any problem for the residents. Implementing Solar Home System is considered an…

    • 4790 Words
    • 20 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    For more than 30 years, there have been discussions concerning the development of the Bakun Dam in the East Malaysian state of Sarawak. If built, the dam would be the largest in South-East Asia. The Bakun Dam: A Case Study indicates that generating 2400 megawatts of power, it would provide electricity for all of Sarawak, and for industries and cities in mainland Malaysia, through a cable under the South China Sea. At 650 kilometres, this would be by far the longest cable in the world.…

    • 2428 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    [4]. de Jong, A. et al (2006). Technisch energie- en CO2- besparingspotentieel van micro-wkk in Nederland (2010-2030). Unpublished.…

    • 31547 Words
    • 127 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Economics experts and various studies conducted across the globe envisage India and China to rule the world in the 21st century. For over a century the United States has been the largest economy in the world but major developments have taken place in the world economy since then, leading to the shift of focus from the US and the rich countries of Europe to the two Asian giants- India and China.…

    • 12573 Words
    • 51 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka, Bangladesh E-mail: 1 nahid@eee.buet.ac.bd, 2sahil0406@gmail.com…

    • 3172 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    enable it to interconnect with other electrical grids as well as operate in a parallel power…

    • 740 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Power Sector Reforms in India

    • 15475 Words
    • 62 Pages

    Demographics, Economics and City Shape Delhi is located in northern India between the latitudes of 28°-24’-17"and 28°-53’-00"North and longitudes of 76°-50’-24"and 77°-20’-37"East. Delhi shares its border with the States of Uttar Pradesh and Haryana. Delhi has an area of 1483 sq km, out of which urban area is 925 sq km. Its maximum length is 51.90 km and greatest width is 48.48 km. Mythologically, the city of Delhi belongs to the period of the Mahabharata 1 . It is said to be built on the site of the epic Indraprastha, where the legendary palace and court of the Pandavas 2 were located. Going by history alone, Delhi became historically important for the first time in the 11th century as a city of the Rajputs (A warrior clan from central India). Over the years Delhi became the site of seven cities 3 , most of them belonging to the more recent Muslim period of Indian history. Delhi was a small town in the beginning of twentieth century with a population of 0.4 million. Delhi’s population started increasing after it became the capital of British India in 1911. During the Partition of the country in 1947, a large number of people migrated from Pakistan and settled in Delhi. Migration into the city continued even after Partition. As per 2001 Census, NCT of Delhi (National Capital Territory of Delhi as it is known now for administrative records) had a total population of 13.8 million with 3.85% annual growth rate and 47.02% decennial growth rate during 1991-2001. Delhi's population in 2007-08 was 16.9 million. Delhi is highly urbanized with 93.18% of its population living in urban areas as against the national average of 27.81%. While it may not be possible to make an accurate forecast, the expectation is that the population of Delhi may range between 22 to 23 million in the year 2021. According to Census 2001, the density of…

    • 15475 Words
    • 62 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Solar Energy in Singapore

    • 5351 Words
    • 22 Pages

    Theory on Diffusion of Innovations ..............................................................................12 Theory of Reasoned Action ...........................................................................................14 Technology Acceptance Model .....................................................................................15…

    • 5351 Words
    • 22 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Ui Mechanism

    • 5127 Words
    • 21 Pages

    For the purpose of transmission of electricity, India has been divided into five regions namely, Eastern, Western, Southern, Northern and North-Eastern Regions. These regions have been interconnected to form a “National Grid” with a view of bringing reliability and stability in power transmission across the nation along with efficient usage of available resources. Prior to introduction of inter-state ABT, there was a lot of indiscipline in the grid operation in these regions resulting in frequent blackouts and islanding. There was lack of balancing between generation and demand for power on real time basis. This was mainly due to excessive generation in the northern and northeastern regions resulting in higher frequencies in these regions and over loads in western and southern regions resulting in lower frequencies in these regions. In this context M/s ECC, USA, after a study in 1993-94 recommended to GoI to introduce Availability Based Tariff (ABT), in all the regions to bring about grid discipline. However after the constitution of CERC in 1998, the matter came under the purview of the CERC. In 1999, the CERC issued necessary orders and regulation for implementation of Inter-state ABT in India and ABT has been implemented region by region during 2002 and 2003. ABT was implemented in the Southern region with effect from 1st January 2003. The implementation of inter-state ABT has brought about substantial improvement in the grid operation resulting in Grid discipline and optimal utilization of the generation capacities.…

    • 5127 Words
    • 21 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    This paper presents a new Hierarchical and Robust Fuzzy Control Scheduler of Energy Management Strategy (HRFCSEMS) for the Stand-Alone Hybrid Power Systems (SAHPS) is presented. It consists of two level named Centralized Fuzzy Supervisory Control (CFSC) which choose the power references for each Decentralized Robust Fuzzy Scheduler Control (DRFSC). SAHPS comprises: a photovoltaic panel (PV) and Wind Turbine (WT) as renewable sources, a micro turbine generator and a battery storage system. The proposed control strategy is able to satisfy the load requirements based on a fuzzy supervisor controller and manage power flows between the different energy sources and the storage unit by respecting the State of Charge (SOC) and the variation of wind…

    • 1292 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays