4. To use archaeological record to understand the meaning of culture in the past and its relevance to the present…
Civilization is defined as "a complex culture in which large numbers of people share a variety of common elements". But what are these common elements? Many of the worlds first civilizations all shared a number of key characteristics that set them apart from early hominids. The development of citites and architechual monuments, which became the central point of matters such as economics , polictics, and new artistic forms began to flourish. These societies introduced religion and began to worships deities that they believed were key to their communties good fortune. Social hierarchies were introduced, kings and priests of the upper class oversaw those of the lower class such as farmers and commoners. Agricultural advancements brought an abundance of food and allowed people to work in occupations other than farming. Most important of all these societies developed their own form of writing as a way to keep records of their great history. These are the qualities that emcompasses a society these building blocks are what set us apart from what could only be chaos. In this essay I will analyze the key civilizations that arose in Mesopotamia and Egypt. From there I will discuss how these societies meet the requirements of being considered civilization and then finally explain other sources that could be used to support these claims.…
orward. I also know that each of my clients have different addiction with drugs that affects th…
Before the advent of digital imaging, we rely on paintings and books to record for documentary use. While paintings and books suggest the clear separation of what is truth and what is falsehood, people believe that camera is trustworthy and photos taken from it are the truth because camera is a machine with no emotions. Digital imaging gives better quality images to readers. However, due to the potential of digital photography manipulation, it has clarified that truth is not fixed anymore but has fluidity. There is no absolute truth.…
7.dwey Decimal Classification System- Organizes information into ten major classes, which are then dived into ten divisions which each have ten sections.…
Hammurabi Code and Confucianism are categorized as social because they both discuss ways of living and set basis for future societies and civilizations. Hieroglyphics and cuneiform are categorized as writing systems since they both played a fundamental role in the development of keeping record of trade and events.…
Because of this, we try to understand some of Minoan society from Linear B tablets (which were written in early Greek) found at Knossos, Khania, and other places. One of the problems with the writing available both on Linear A (that is, the Minoan tablets) and Linear B (Greek tablets), is that most of the words are written on slabs of damp clay which were the tally cards for items that had been collected. These slabs or tablets were never meant to be kept; their contents are exactly the same as our own invoices. Thus, the contents of the tablets are only lists that deal with goods, rather than with the Minoan people and the way in which their society was structured. However, the tablets do give us clues that need to be taken into…
The shelf mark system groups books together by their subject, the number is made up of the first three letters of the authors surname…
Early Babylonia existed from about 3100 B.C. to 2100 B.C. When discussing the Babylonian history, we refer to the land area between Tigris and Euphrates rivers northward to Assyria. We must also consider a non-Semitic tribe called the Sumerians. They dwelt in the land of Sumer at the head of the Persian Gulf coming from the mountainous region to the east. They developed a numeral system in the 28th century B.C. and because of the deprivation of stones in their environment, resorted to bricks. They wrote on clay tablets with round and pointed sticks which resulted in wedge-shaped or cuneiform characters. These clay tablets after being written on were baked by fire or in the sun which preserved it well to this day. The records for these tablets proved that nearly 3000 years before Christ, the Sumerians were already aware of bills, receipts, notes and systems of measure. In here we also find evidence to an approach to a scientific calendar, though later than the Egyptians, which use for the very first time a counting scale of 60.…
An alphabetical listing, especially of books in a library, made with a separate card for each item.…
Culture is a powerful human tool for survival, but it is a fragile phenomenon. It is constantly changing and easily lost because it exists only in our minds. Our written languages, governments, buildings, and other man-made things are merely the products of culture. They are not culture in themselves. For this reason, archaeologists can not dig up culture directly in their excavations. The broken pots and other artifacts of ancient people that they uncover are only material remains that reflect cultural patterns--they are things that were made and used through cultural knowledge and skills.…
3. Taylor, A. G, (2006), Introduction to Cataloging and Classification. – 10th ed.- London: Libraries Unlimited, p. 12-13.…
Sometimes, therefore the words ‘civilization’ and ‘culture’ are interchangeably applied. In this unit, however, more use is confined to the word ‘civilization’ especially in reference to human developments over time and in all continents.…
Modern history, also referred to as the modern period or the modern era, is the historiographical approach to the timeframe after the post-classical era (known as the Middle Ages).[1][2] Modern history can be further broken down into the early modern period and the late modern period after the French Revolution and the Industrial Revolution. Contemporary history is the span of historic events that are immediately relevant to the present time. The modern era began approximately in the 16th century.[3][4]…
Civilization is an immensely useful tool for studying history. The reasons are myriad and complex however a few stand out in particular. Civilization is a characterized by the presence of three basic institutions: a ceremonial center (a formal gathering place for social and cultural activities), a system of writing, and a city. Implied by the presence of these institutions is the existence of the Civilization’s language, culture, social practices and economic power. Due to the immense density of ideas, history and technology found within a standard civilizations they represent a convenient medium in which to view history. A broad lens in which a vast group of people can be viewed and characterized.…