Ellen, this teaching plan is being formulated for you as a guide to introduce you and your family to the Diabetes Mellitus disease process, complications associated with it, and the main tool for you to learn to keep yourself healthy and your diabetes under control. One of the most important things to remember is that diabetes can affect every body system, your heart, your kidneys, your eyes, and your blood vessels, not just your “blood sugar” level. Knowledge of this will help you learn how to manage your symptoms and promote your over-all health.
At the end of this plan, I will provide you with some valid websites and organizations that can give you additional information to expand your knowledge base.
Type I Diabetes * This type of diabetes accounts for only 5% to 10% of the diabetic population. It is a condition in which a high blood sugar level results from your body not producing enough insulin. Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas that allows the body to absorb glucose (sugar), and glucose, in turn, is converted to energy. If the body cells do not absorb the glucose, the glucose accumulates in the blood, causing hyperglycemia (high blood sugar). This can lead to many medical complications. * The reasons for diabetes occurring could be genetic predisposition, environmental factors, or a defect in your immune system. * Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life threatening complication of diabetes which you had on arrival to the hospital. This is often the first symptom of undiagnosed diabetes and caused by an absolute lack of insulin in your body. Treatment for DKA requires medical intervention. * Early signs of DKA: * Feeling tired or fatigued * Excessive thirst and/or excessive urination * Signs of dehydration such as dry mouth * Later signs of DKA: * Nausea and vomiting * Abdominal pain * Confusion * Rapid, deep labored breathing
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