2 (Optional) How did Gall and Penfield differ in their approach to studying brain function?…
Carr introduces the argument for neurological flexibility with the tangible effects noted by Nietzsche, where the use of the mechanical typewriter changed Nietzsche's writing style and choice of words. Following Nietzsche, Carr discusses the conceptualization of neurological flexibility through the examples of Freud, J.Z. Young, and William James. Freud, J.Z. Young, and William James, each theorized a brain which could be changed, in time periods when such theories were absurd. Carr then writes on minor stories where adaptations occur physically with Bernstein, and neurologically in musicians. Lastly, Carr writes on various scientific experiences, from nerve adaptations, to brain matter transformations, all detailing changes within the brain or nervous system as a result of the environment. After the chapter, Carr digresses and explicitly states his view of how our brains are constantly changing based on our actions, surroundings, and thoughts without regards to whether or not we approve or know of the changes occurring.…
* An understanding of genetic transmission and of brain organization, along with the knowledge that the brain regions are specialized for different perceptions, has allowed researches to unravel the puzzle of synthesia…
The first known split-brain surgical procedure performed on humans’ was in the early 1940’s by Van Wagenen and Herren, in which both intended to control seizures of patients who suffered intractable epilepsy (Francois Boller, Jordan Graffman, 2000). The procedure performed by Van Wagenen and Herren was based on the speculation as to the role of the corpus callosum in the spread of epilepsy.…
Precise coded signal eventually received by the brain depends on how many neurons fire, which neurons fire, and how rapidly these neurons fire.…
I have been urged to write this report because I did research under the professor's direction and because I was the first to learn of his astonishing discovery. But while I was his student I was never entrusted with knowledge of how the mental forces could be released and directed. He was unwilling to trust anyone with that information.…
Cited: Costandi, M. C. (2006). The incredible case of phineas gage. History of Neuroscience, Retrieved from http://neurophilosophy.wordpress.com/2006/12/04/the-incredible-case-of-phineas-gage/…
This is an upper level undergraduate course which is intended to present the fundamental biological principles of psychobiology/behavioral neuroscience to science undergraduate students. This course will cover the concepts of cellular and structural anatomy and physiology of the nervous system; the neurotransmitter systems and psychopharmacology; the functional anatomy of sensory systems, including vision, audition, olfaction, gustation and somatosensattion; and the motor system.…
"The Thomas Theorem: Frontline Response to Excited Delirium." PoliceOne.com. N.p., n.d. Web. 22 Apr. 2013.…
Even today, much is still not directly understood how the brain works. The 1950s marks the start of the field of biopsychology focusing on Penfield as he began to research into neurochemistry and underlying behavior it causes. From this, scientists began to learn about the structure of the brain and how neurotransmitters and electrochemical signals are used in order to communicate throughout the body. Development of more specialized equipment and research into pharmaceuticals and surgical techniques has lead to a greater understanding of how the brain works and the ways in which disorders can be treated in…
A German scientist named Josef van Gerlach in 1871 introduced, the first, and leading, theory at the time, the reticular theory.1 The main principle of this theory is that the entire nervous system is a single cell. Camillo Golgi, a strong supporter, believed that the axons were anastomoses, or that the fibers were fused together with a tube.1,2 Golgi also theorized that the that the nerve impulses were able to travel in any direction.2 The supporters of the neuron…
Journal of Neurophysiology publishes original articles on the function of the nervous system. It is published 12 times a year (monthly) by the American Physiological Society, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD 20814-3991. Copyright © 2001 The American Physiological Society. ISSN: 0022-3077, ESSN: 1522-1598. Visit our website at http://www.the-aps.org/.…
Cited: Coleman, J., Gurd J. (2006). Journal of Neurolingulistics. Vol 19, issue 5. Pages 341-345.…
Dissociative anesthesia is a form of anesthesia characterized by catalepsy, catatonia, analgesia, and amnesia. It does not necessarily involve loss of consciousness and thus does not always imply a state of general anesthesia.…
Historically, biopsychology can be dated back to the Ancient Greeks. Plato was the first to propose that the brain was the organ of reasoning unlike Aristotle, who believed this was the heart’s function. This idea was supported by Claudius Galen, who was the most influential physician of the Roman Empire. He pioneered the study of anatomy and based on animal observations and vivisection, was able to identify and describe cranial nerves. His research regarding human anatomy included three connected body systems: the brain, the heart, and the liver. Through dissection on animals he was able to make assumptions about human anatomy (some correct, others incorrect) which remained popular for more than 1500 years (Frampton, 2008). These ideas were later challenged and altered by philosophers and psychologists who were at the forefront of the development of biopsychology.…