Diffusion And Osmosis Lab Report
Michelle Yeung Bio 101
Cyrus MacFoy
June 16,2015
Diffusion and Osmosis
Exercise I.
Molecules are always in constant movement. Molecular motion is a form of energy, the kinetic energy of molecules. The Brownian movement is the movement of small particles caused by the bombardment of the particles by millions of water molecule. This movement will continue indefinitely as long as there is water. My prediction for this lab is the solution of the water is hypertonic meaning there is a higher concentration of solutes outside of the cell. To test my prediction my lab partners conducted the Brownian movement.
Materials:
Bon Ami scouring powder, carmine red and Indian ink
Microscope slides and cover slip
Dropper bottles with distilled water
Spatulas …show more content…
Microscopes
Lamp
Method:
First we placed a small portion of Carmine red/ Indian ink onto a microscope. Then we added 3 drops of distilled water and put on a coverslip. Next we placed the slide on the microscope slide and then we observed the movement of tiny particles under 100x. We then put a lamp near the microscope to heat up the solution. Lastly, we observed and recorded results.
Results:
The particles moved in slow motion. When we put a lamp to heat up the light source there was no effects. We could see slow water molecules move. There is a continuous movement of slow particles.
Discussion:
Based on the results of the experiment we concluded that the solution is hypertonic. The solution is hypertonic because it has more water than ink in the cell. There are less ink molecules outside of the cell. We can see slow molecules moving inside the solution. There is little water bubbles inside and outside the cell. When we added the heat source there was no movement because there is a lot of water and not enough in particles for the cell to move. Since I did not get a chance to perform this lab, if I had the opportunity I would like to do the lab and see the results on my own.
Conclusion: My hypothesis was supported. The solution was indeed hypertonic because it has more water than ink.
Work Cited
Macfoy, Cyrus. General Biology: Bi 101 Laboratory Manual. S.l.: Kendall Hunt, 2012. Print.
Exercise II.
Diffusion in Liquids
When you walk by the perfume stand in the mall you can surely smell all of the different scents celebrities are selling this day from across the room. This is an example of diffusion. It is the movement of molecules from area of higher chemical potential to areas of lower chemical potential. During this process molecules pass through and intermingle with others. In this experiment we observed the diffusion of two liquids through a colloid. My prediction for this experiment is that when the two solutions meet it will form a color to show that diffusion occurred.
Materials:
Petri dish containing 2% agar
Cork borer
Dropper bottle with a dilute aqueous solution of potassium ferricyanide
Dropper bottle with a dilute aqueous solution of ferrous sulfate
Method: First we obtained a petri dish with 2% agar 5mm deep.
We then used a cork borer to cut two holes in the agar 1cm apart. We then filled one hole with potassium ferricyanide. Next we filled the other hole with ferrous sulfate. We then observed the petri at an interval of 15 minutes. We observed and recorded results.
Results:
1. Yellow solution is spreading out from the hole and into the gel and clear solution.
2. The clear ferrous was not clear to see, but it conjoined with the yellow solution
3. The blue color has formed
4. Potassium solution has formed to the ferrous solution
Discussion:
As shown in the results the potassium solution spread out from the hole and into the ferrous solution. When they conjoined it formed a blue solution. This showed that diffusion occurred because it moved from a high concentration to a lower one. In this case the potassium had a higher concentration so it moved toward the ferrous solution. It would be pretty awesome to do this experiment on two different solutions, like orange juice or apple juice. We could see if they are hypertonic, hypotonic or isotonic. Since I did not get a chance to perform this lab, if I had the opportunity I would like to do the lab and see the results on my …show more content…
own.
Conclusion: My hypothesis was supported.
When the two solutions met it formed a vibrant blue color.
Work Cited
Macfoy, Cyrus. General Biology: Bi 101 Laboratory Manual. S.l.: Kendall Hunt, 2012. Print.
Exercise III.
Osmosis in a Nonliving System
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from areas of higher water potential to regions of lower water potential across a selectively permeable membrane. Osmosis deals only with water. In this experiment we tested osmosis in a nonliving system. My prediction for this experiment is that all five of the bag will change colors after being immersed in solution. To test my prediction we tested five dialysis bag in five different solutions.
Materials:
30 presoaked 15 cm lengths of 44mm flat diameter dialysis tubing per lab
Twine
1% starch
suspension
Iodine
25% sucrose (colored red)
Pure water
Pure water (colored red)
Pipettes
Balances
Wax pencils
Method:
First, we rolled the tubing briskly between fingers to separate the two layers. Second, we ran the tube in water to open the tube to full length. Third, we sealed off one end of the dialysis bag by a knot. We then filled one bag with 1% starch suspension, one with iodine, one with 25% sucrose (red), one with water, and one with water (red). After we filled the bag with an appropriate solution we tied off the other end. We then weighed the bag in the weighing boat. We observed and recorded results. We then put each bag into a beaker and filled it with an appropriate solution. We observed and recorded final results.
Results:
Bag number
Contents of bag
Original weight
To be immersed in
Weight after one hour
Appearance after one hour
1
1% starch suspension
14.5g
Iodine
14.5g
Black
2
Iodine
12.5g
1% starch suspension
14g
Yellow
3
25% sucrose red solution
18.5 g
Pure water
19.5g
Red
4
Pure water
11.8g
25% sucrose
9.5g
Clear
5
Pure water (red)
13.5g
Pure water
13.5g
Red
Discussion:
As shown in the results some solutions did have osmosis did happen in the dialysis bag. For the first bag although the weight did not change the color became black. In other words the iodine solution in the beaker came into the bag. The second bag with iodine inside did gain weight and changed colors. What this meant that the 1% starch solution moved inside the bag through the membrane, increasing its weight and changing the color. Iodine is originally purple, but the starch solution made it yellow. The third bag with 25% sucrose did gain weight. It gained exactly 1g. What this means that some of the pure water moved inside the bag. The fourth bag with the pure water inside was the only one to lose weight. I predict that the water had a higher concentration so the sucrose moved into the water. The color of the bag was clear. The last bag filled with red pure water had to weight change and the color stayed the same. I predict that it is an isotonic solution, which means that it has an equal amount of concentration. Since I did not get a chance to perform this lab, if I had the opportunity I would like to do the lab and see the results on my own.
Conclusion: My hypothesis is not supported. All the bags did not change color or weight.
Work Cited
Macfoy, Cyrus. General Biology: Bi 101 Laboratory Manual. S.l.: Kendall Hunt, 2012. Print.
Exercise IV.
Osmosis in a living system
If you’ve ever been a bath or pool too long, then you’ve seen your fingers and toes get pruned. Your fingers are not shrinking; in fact, they are expanding. They are bloated. Most people assume that you are “pruning” up by losing water, but this is not the case. This makes it easier to understand the original idea of osmosis: moving from a less concentrated substance to a more concentrated substance. In this scenario, the water is the bathtub is less concentrated and it is trying to cause equilibrium by using osmosis to get into your body. In this experiment we tested the plasmolysis, which is the separation of plant protoplast from cell walls because of the loss of water from, protoplast by osmosis. My prediction for this experiment is that when a fragile potato is placed in water it will firm up again.
Materials:
Elodea plants
Potato tubers
Dropper bottles of distilled water
Dropper bottle of NaCl
Microscopes
Cork borers
Petri dishes
Method:
First, we prepared a wet mount of an elodea leaf using distilled water. Second, we examined the leaf and drew a leaf in the lab book. Third, we dropped 10% NaCl on the edge of the coverslip. We examined the leaf and recorded results. Fourth, we used a cork borer to cut two pieces of potato tuber about 15-20 mm long. We put one potato in 10% NaCl and one in distilled water. After five minute we observed and recorded results. Lastly, we placed the salted potato back into water. We observed and recorded final results.
Results:
The Elodea leaf before being put in salt had a flexible structure. After being put in salt water the cell had less salt molecules inside and has more water. The cell is now filled with salt molecules. The potato in the water was sturdy and the potato with the salt is flaking and absorbing the water from the potato. When you put the salty potato back in water it becomes sturdy again.
Discussion:
As a result of putting the salty potato back into water it became sturdy again. This has to do with a process called osmosis. The potato is made up of tiny living units called cells. Each cell is surrounded by a cell membrane, which acts as much as your skin does. It keeps the cell parts inside and keeps other things outside. While this membrane stops most, water can pass through it. The water tends to move toward higher concentration of dissolved chemicals. This means that of the water outside of the cell has a higher concentration than the water inside will move from inside of the cell to outside. As more and more of water were lost the potato became flaky and weak. Since I did not get a chance to perform this lab, if I had the opportunity I would like to do the lab and see the results on my own.
Conclusion: My hypothesis was supported. When the salted potato was submerged back in water it became study again.
Work cited
Macfoy, Cyrus. General Biology: Bi 101 Laboratory Manual. S.l.: Kendall Hunt, 2012. Print.
Cyrus MacFoy
June 16,2015
Diffusion and Osmosis
Exercise I.
Molecules are always in constant movement. Molecular motion is a form of energy, the kinetic energy of molecules. The Brownian movement is the movement of small particles caused by the bombardment of the particles by millions of water molecule. This movement will continue indefinitely as long as there is water. My prediction for this lab is the solution of the water is hypertonic meaning there is a higher concentration of solutes outside of the cell. To test my prediction my lab partners conducted the Brownian movement.
Materials:
Bon Ami scouring powder, carmine red and Indian ink
Microscope slides and cover slip
Dropper bottles with distilled water
Spatulas …show more content…
Microscopes
Lamp
Method:
First we placed a small portion of Carmine red/ Indian ink onto a microscope. Then we added 3 drops of distilled water and put on a coverslip. Next we placed the slide on the microscope slide and then we observed the movement of tiny particles under 100x. We then put a lamp near the microscope to heat up the solution. Lastly, we observed and recorded results.
Results:
The particles moved in slow motion. When we put a lamp to heat up the light source there was no effects. We could see slow water molecules move. There is a continuous movement of slow particles.
Discussion:
Based on the results of the experiment we concluded that the solution is hypertonic. The solution is hypertonic because it has more water than ink in the cell. There are less ink molecules outside of the cell. We can see slow molecules moving inside the solution. There is little water bubbles inside and outside the cell. When we added the heat source there was no movement because there is a lot of water and not enough in particles for the cell to move. Since I did not get a chance to perform this lab, if I had the opportunity I would like to do the lab and see the results on my own.
Conclusion: My hypothesis was supported. The solution was indeed hypertonic because it has more water than ink.
Work Cited
Macfoy, Cyrus. General Biology: Bi 101 Laboratory Manual. S.l.: Kendall Hunt, 2012. Print.
Exercise II.
Diffusion in Liquids
When you walk by the perfume stand in the mall you can surely smell all of the different scents celebrities are selling this day from across the room. This is an example of diffusion. It is the movement of molecules from area of higher chemical potential to areas of lower chemical potential. During this process molecules pass through and intermingle with others. In this experiment we observed the diffusion of two liquids through a colloid. My prediction for this experiment is that when the two solutions meet it will form a color to show that diffusion occurred.
Materials:
Petri dish containing 2% agar
Cork borer
Dropper bottle with a dilute aqueous solution of potassium ferricyanide
Dropper bottle with a dilute aqueous solution of ferrous sulfate
Method: First we obtained a petri dish with 2% agar 5mm deep.
We then used a cork borer to cut two holes in the agar 1cm apart. We then filled one hole with potassium ferricyanide. Next we filled the other hole with ferrous sulfate. We then observed the petri at an interval of 15 minutes. We observed and recorded results.
Results:
1. Yellow solution is spreading out from the hole and into the gel and clear solution.
2. The clear ferrous was not clear to see, but it conjoined with the yellow solution
3. The blue color has formed
4. Potassium solution has formed to the ferrous solution
Discussion:
As shown in the results the potassium solution spread out from the hole and into the ferrous solution. When they conjoined it formed a blue solution. This showed that diffusion occurred because it moved from a high concentration to a lower one. In this case the potassium had a higher concentration so it moved toward the ferrous solution. It would be pretty awesome to do this experiment on two different solutions, like orange juice or apple juice. We could see if they are hypertonic, hypotonic or isotonic. Since I did not get a chance to perform this lab, if I had the opportunity I would like to do the lab and see the results on my …show more content…
own.
Conclusion: My hypothesis was supported.
When the two solutions met it formed a vibrant blue color.
Work Cited
Macfoy, Cyrus. General Biology: Bi 101 Laboratory Manual. S.l.: Kendall Hunt, 2012. Print.
Exercise III.
Osmosis in a Nonliving System
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from areas of higher water potential to regions of lower water potential across a selectively permeable membrane. Osmosis deals only with water. In this experiment we tested osmosis in a nonliving system. My prediction for this experiment is that all five of the bag will change colors after being immersed in solution. To test my prediction we tested five dialysis bag in five different solutions.
Materials:
30 presoaked 15 cm lengths of 44mm flat diameter dialysis tubing per lab
Twine
1% starch
suspension
Iodine
25% sucrose (colored red)
Pure water
Pure water (colored red)
Pipettes
Balances
Wax pencils
Method:
First, we rolled the tubing briskly between fingers to separate the two layers. Second, we ran the tube in water to open the tube to full length. Third, we sealed off one end of the dialysis bag by a knot. We then filled one bag with 1% starch suspension, one with iodine, one with 25% sucrose (red), one with water, and one with water (red). After we filled the bag with an appropriate solution we tied off the other end. We then weighed the bag in the weighing boat. We observed and recorded results. We then put each bag into a beaker and filled it with an appropriate solution. We observed and recorded final results.
Results:
Bag number
Contents of bag
Original weight
To be immersed in
Weight after one hour
Appearance after one hour
1
1% starch suspension
14.5g
Iodine
14.5g
Black
2
Iodine
12.5g
1% starch suspension
14g
Yellow
3
25% sucrose red solution
18.5 g
Pure water
19.5g
Red
4
Pure water
11.8g
25% sucrose
9.5g
Clear
5
Pure water (red)
13.5g
Pure water
13.5g
Red
Discussion:
As shown in the results some solutions did have osmosis did happen in the dialysis bag. For the first bag although the weight did not change the color became black. In other words the iodine solution in the beaker came into the bag. The second bag with iodine inside did gain weight and changed colors. What this meant that the 1% starch solution moved inside the bag through the membrane, increasing its weight and changing the color. Iodine is originally purple, but the starch solution made it yellow. The third bag with 25% sucrose did gain weight. It gained exactly 1g. What this means that some of the pure water moved inside the bag. The fourth bag with the pure water inside was the only one to lose weight. I predict that the water had a higher concentration so the sucrose moved into the water. The color of the bag was clear. The last bag filled with red pure water had to weight change and the color stayed the same. I predict that it is an isotonic solution, which means that it has an equal amount of concentration. Since I did not get a chance to perform this lab, if I had the opportunity I would like to do the lab and see the results on my own.
Conclusion: My hypothesis is not supported. All the bags did not change color or weight.
Work Cited
Macfoy, Cyrus. General Biology: Bi 101 Laboratory Manual. S.l.: Kendall Hunt, 2012. Print.
Exercise IV.
Osmosis in a living system
If you’ve ever been a bath or pool too long, then you’ve seen your fingers and toes get pruned. Your fingers are not shrinking; in fact, they are expanding. They are bloated. Most people assume that you are “pruning” up by losing water, but this is not the case. This makes it easier to understand the original idea of osmosis: moving from a less concentrated substance to a more concentrated substance. In this scenario, the water is the bathtub is less concentrated and it is trying to cause equilibrium by using osmosis to get into your body. In this experiment we tested the plasmolysis, which is the separation of plant protoplast from cell walls because of the loss of water from, protoplast by osmosis. My prediction for this experiment is that when a fragile potato is placed in water it will firm up again.
Materials:
Elodea plants
Potato tubers
Dropper bottles of distilled water
Dropper bottle of NaCl
Microscopes
Cork borers
Petri dishes
Method:
First, we prepared a wet mount of an elodea leaf using distilled water. Second, we examined the leaf and drew a leaf in the lab book. Third, we dropped 10% NaCl on the edge of the coverslip. We examined the leaf and recorded results. Fourth, we used a cork borer to cut two pieces of potato tuber about 15-20 mm long. We put one potato in 10% NaCl and one in distilled water. After five minute we observed and recorded results. Lastly, we placed the salted potato back into water. We observed and recorded final results.
Results:
The Elodea leaf before being put in salt had a flexible structure. After being put in salt water the cell had less salt molecules inside and has more water. The cell is now filled with salt molecules. The potato in the water was sturdy and the potato with the salt is flaking and absorbing the water from the potato. When you put the salty potato back in water it becomes sturdy again.
Discussion:
As a result of putting the salty potato back into water it became sturdy again. This has to do with a process called osmosis. The potato is made up of tiny living units called cells. Each cell is surrounded by a cell membrane, which acts as much as your skin does. It keeps the cell parts inside and keeps other things outside. While this membrane stops most, water can pass through it. The water tends to move toward higher concentration of dissolved chemicals. This means that of the water outside of the cell has a higher concentration than the water inside will move from inside of the cell to outside. As more and more of water were lost the potato became flaky and weak. Since I did not get a chance to perform this lab, if I had the opportunity I would like to do the lab and see the results on my own.
Conclusion: My hypothesis was supported. When the salted potato was submerged back in water it became study again.
Work cited
Macfoy, Cyrus. General Biology: Bi 101 Laboratory Manual. S.l.: Kendall Hunt, 2012. Print.