Relations between India and Pakistan have been strained by a number of historical and political issues, and are defined by the violent partition of British India in 1947, the Kashmir dispute and the numerous military conflicts fought between the two nations. Consequently, even though the two South Asian nations share historic, cultural, geographic, and economic links, their relationship has been plagued by hostility and suspicion. DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH INDIA:
After their independence, India and Pakistan established diplomatic relations but the violent partition and numerous territorial disputes would overshadow their relationship. Since their independence, the two countries have fought three major wars, one undeclared war and have been involved in numerous armed skirmishes and military standoffs. The Kashmir dispute is the main center-point of all of these conflicts with the exception of the Indo-Pakistan War of 1971, which resulted in the secession of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh).
A number of attempts were made to improve diplomatic relation like Shimla summit, the Agra summit and the Lahore summit but in the early 1980s, relations between the two nations soured particularly after the Siachen conflict, the Kashmir insurgency in 1989, Indian and Pakistani nuclear tests in 1998 and the 1999 Kargil war. Certain confidence-building measures — such as the 2003 ceasefire agreement and the Delhi–Lahore Bus service — were successful in deescalating tensions. However, these efforts have been wiped out by terrorist attacks. The 2001 Indian Parliament attack almost brought the two nations on the war.The 2007 Samjhauta Express bombings, which killed 68 civilians (most of whom were Pakistani), was also a crucial point in the diplomatic relations. Additionally, the 2008 Mumbai attacks carried out by militants resulted in a severe blow to the ongoing India-Pakistan relations and have built