Distillation Experiment
SUMMARY
The aim is to observe distillation process of ethanol-water solution and to measure the alcohol content after process in this experiment.
500 ml of solution with an alcohol content of 32% (v/v) is used for this experiment. Temperature values are recorded for every 10 ml alcohol obtained in the flask. The process is repeated in our experiment and for the first process, the data collection process continues until the distillate reaches to 200 ml. The concentration of alcohol is measured for first process by hydrometer. For the second process, approximately 200 ml of distillate containing 70% alcohol is used and data collection continues until the distillate reaches 150 ml. Finally, the concentration of alcohol is also measured after 2nd process as 82%.
INTRODUCTION
The objective of this experiment is to distillate the alcohol-water solution into ethanol and water.
Distillation is a process of separating mixtures based on differences in volatilities of components in a boiling liquid mixture. Distillation is a unit operation, or a physical separation process, and not a chemical reaction. The basic requirement of distillation is that the components of the liquid solution must have different boiling points.
There are some types of distillation methods which are flash distillation, simple batch distillation, simple steam distillation, continuous distillation, vacuum distillation, etc. :
Flash distillation
It is a single stage process which liquid mixture is vaporized. The vapor and the liquid are come to equilibrium, and these phases are separated.
Simple steam distillation
This is a separation process at lower temperatures. This process is often used to separate a high boiling component from small amounts of nonvolatile impurities.
Continuous distillation
This is a process in which a liquid mixture is continuously fed into the process and separated fractions are removed continuously.
Vacuum distillation
It is used for some compounds
The aim is to observe distillation process of ethanol-water solution and to measure the alcohol content after process in this experiment.
500 ml of solution with an alcohol content of 32% (v/v) is used for this experiment. Temperature values are recorded for every 10 ml alcohol obtained in the flask. The process is repeated in our experiment and for the first process, the data collection process continues until the distillate reaches to 200 ml. The concentration of alcohol is measured for first process by hydrometer. For the second process, approximately 200 ml of distillate containing 70% alcohol is used and data collection continues until the distillate reaches 150 ml. Finally, the concentration of alcohol is also measured after 2nd process as 82%.
INTRODUCTION
The objective of this experiment is to distillate the alcohol-water solution into ethanol and water.
Distillation is a process of separating mixtures based on differences in volatilities of components in a boiling liquid mixture. Distillation is a unit operation, or a physical separation process, and not a chemical reaction. The basic requirement of distillation is that the components of the liquid solution must have different boiling points.
There are some types of distillation methods which are flash distillation, simple batch distillation, simple steam distillation, continuous distillation, vacuum distillation, etc. :
Flash distillation
It is a single stage process which liquid mixture is vaporized. The vapor and the liquid are come to equilibrium, and these phases are separated.
Simple steam distillation
This is a separation process at lower temperatures. This process is often used to separate a high boiling component from small amounts of nonvolatile impurities.
Continuous distillation
This is a process in which a liquid mixture is continuously fed into the process and separated fractions are removed continuously.
Vacuum distillation
It is used for some compounds
References: Ackland, T. (2011). Home distillation of alcohol. Retrieved from http://homedistiller.org/ Geankoplis, C.J. (2003). Transport processes and separation process principles.Prentice Hall. Seperation Process. Distillation.Retrieved from http://www.separationprocesses.com/ Distillation/DT_Chp05.htm Wikipedia. Distillation. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distillation Wikipedia. Azeotropic Distillation.Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Azeotropic_distillation