Preview

Does Level of Education Interfere with Marital Adjustment among Females? (University Students’ Perception Based Survey)

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
13200 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Does Level of Education Interfere with Marital Adjustment among Females? (University Students’ Perception Based Survey)
Does Level of Education Interfere with Marital Adjustment among Females?
(University Students’ Perception Based Survey)

A Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of
BS (Honors) Sociology and Socio Cultural Studies, 2011.

Zanab Arif (25)
Kanwal Iqbal (36)
Uzma Aziz (39)

Department of Sociology
Institute of Social and Cultural Studies
University of the Punjab
Lahore

Abstract

Family, marriage and education are the significant areas of sociological concern. The present study is conducted within these areas. Assuming a positive relationship between the level of female education and their marital adjustment it is assumed that high level of female education leads to higher level of marital adjustment.

The focus of the study was the perception of the student. These students belonged to faculties of Life Science and Social Science University of the Punjab. Five departments from each faculty were selected with twenty students from each faculty. Total sample was of 200 students out of which 100 were males and 100 were females. Data was analyzed with the help of SPSS. It was found that education of females has a very strong impact on their marital adjustment. Frequency tables were computed. Majority of students in our data (84%) think that educated females have a higher chance of being martially adjusted as compared to uneducated ones.

Acknowledgements

All praises are for Almighty ALLAH, who has bestowed us with the ability and potential to complete this research work within the due course of time.

We are highly obliged to have Ms. Ayesha Bugvi, our supervisor for her steadfast support, encouragement and guidance throughout our research. We would also like to thank Ms. Farzana, PhD scholar at Centre of Clinical Psychology and Ms. Sadia Nazir, student of MS at Centre of Clinical Psychology, Punjab University for their continuous support and



References: Ann, Q. & Iqbal, S. (2010), Financial Independence of Women on Marital Satisfaction. Unpublished Bachelor’s thesis, University of the Punjab, Lahore. Farooq & Saima, A. (1996) Personality Orientation and Marital Adjustment of Working Women. Unpublished Master’s thesis, University of the Punjab, Lahore. Grants Israel, (2010). The Grant Articles. The Role of Economic Resources in the Marital Adjustment of Women. Retrieved on 9th May, 2011 from http://grantsisrael.com/the-role-of-economic-resources-in-the-marital-adjustment-of-women.html Hafeez, M. (2004). Communities’ Perception on Girls’ Education. Retrieved on 20th May, 2011 from http://gepsp.moe.gov.pk/upload/publication/Report_on_Study_Communities_Perceptions.pdf Hashmi. H A, (2007), Marital Adjustment, Stress and Depression among Working and Non Working Married Women. Retrieved on 23rd April, 2011 from http://www.akspublication.com/paper03_jan-jun2007.htm Houseknecht, S. H & Macke, A.(1981), Combining Marriage and Career : the Marital Adjustment of Professional Women. Retrieved on 8th May, 2011 from http://www.jstor.org/stable/351766 Kazmi, S. F. (2001). Marital adjustment of Educated Career and Educated Non- Career Women retrieved on 21st March, 2011 from http://prr.hec.gov.pk/Thesis/2733H.pdf33 Malik, A Mashruwala. G, (2010). Are women Good Wealth Managers? Retrieved on May 27th, 2011 from http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/mf-experts/are-women-good wealthmanagers_476374.html Norms, Decision Making and Participation

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Back in the early 1900’s divorce wasn’t looked at often. Due to religious values, cultural or even moral views, divorce was not familiar. In the late 1900’s to early 2000’s numbers of divorced women age fifteen and older went up through the years drastically until the year of 1990 when divorce rates started to decrease. According to the article by David Popenoe and Barbara Dafoe, the chances of divorce may be much lower than expected. To summarize it states that with a higher income, or having a child after being married for a while, longer marriage, and religious values will decrease your chances of divorce.…

    • 654 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Another large part of the increase in divorce rate is the change of women’s position. Since there have been improvements in women’s economic positions it has allowed them to become less financially dependant on their husbands and therefore easier to end an unsatisfactory marriage. The proportion of women working rose from 47% in 1959, to 70% in 2005. The pay gap between men and women has also been narrowed, girls have greater success in education and get better jobs and the availability of welfare benefits mean women don’t need to remain financially dependent on their husbands. These developments and improvement mean that women are more likely to be able to support themselves in the event of…

    • 463 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    As stated in our text, various factors can bind married couples together, such as economic interdependencies, legal, social and moral constraints, relationship, and amongst other things. In the recent years some of these factors have diminished their strengths. The modern generation sees marriage in a different perspective altogether. Individuals today feel they are stable independently, they do not need to rely on their spouse for emotional or financial support. Many are career driven and soar to conquer their dreams over settling down with a family. Such untraditional views have increased divorce rates.…

    • 740 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    In contrast to Chang Hwan Kim and Arthur Sakamoto research Jenna uses Rae Copper a professor at Sydney business school to counterargument the results of their research. By using the pathos appeal women who are single view men as ATMs while married women are consider to be well educated and a good job that helps improve the living stranded for man than women.…

    • 674 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Mr Josh Gallagher

    • 823 Words
    • 4 Pages

    There are many reason for changes in the patterns of marriage and cohabitation due to many significant social attitude changes such as secularisation, there are also many more that affect marriage and cohabitation but one that has affected the pattern mostly is feminism, this is shown in a survey that shows in the last 40 years the number of marriages has dropped enormously by up to one hundred thousand marriages and is still declining whereas the cohabitation rate has increased dramatically by 50%. These outline one of the many reasons for changing patterns in marriage and cohabitation.…

    • 823 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    A big factor changing marriage rates is the changing role of women in society. Many households are now becoming more matrifocal than before. Women’s improvement in their economic position has made them less financially dependent on men and they therefore do not have a greater pressure to marry. Girls’ greater success in education has helped them achieve better-paid jobs than previous generations and the availability of welfare benefits means that they can support themselves without needing a husband to do so. Allan and Crow argue that ‘marriage is less embedded within the economic system’ now which means that the family is no longer a unit of production – proving another reason why there has been such a decrease in them. The fact that women have become so independent and less reliant on men justifies how marriage rates have decreased from 400,000 to 248,000 in the last 40 years. Marriage also now takes place between couples as an act of love rather than practicality. With changing positions of women in the last 40 years, it is not so expected for women to focus on settling down and marrying, they can allow themselves to choose other options such…

    • 918 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    If a person traveled back in time and observed a couple, he might see a women sitting at home cooking a large meal for her ten children and husband to arrive home to. In today’s era, both parents in a relationship are working. This economic change leads to both partners feeling financially independent and stabile. When marriage arises, generally both partners’ income is combined. Between two people, two incomes, they become even more financially stable, as opposed to one income each. If two were to divorce, then situations may become sticky financially because each partner pays for a lawyer, and every possession becomes divided in half. Marriage comes with good financial perks such as, couples receive more tax benefits filling jointly, two incomes as opposed to one, and split bills. But with good comes bad, like the money spent on the wedding, first home, or in some cases divorce…

    • 1208 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Moreover, the economy has grown over years and has changed the model of rights and expectations within marriage. As women’s connection to work force grows stronger, they have played an important role in influencing and controlling in family decision-making. When those rights are not respected, many women either do not enter into or what they consider insupportable family relationships; in which men do the same.…

    • 259 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Best Essays

    Marriage and Family Therapy

    • 3266 Words
    • 14 Pages

    Lee III, R. E., & Nichols, W. C. (2010). The Doctoral Education of Professional Marriage and…

    • 3266 Words
    • 14 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Good Essays

    Aspects of Marriage

    • 334 Words
    • 2 Pages

    References: Korotayev, A. (2003) "Division of Labor by Gender and Postmarital Residence in Cross-Cultural Perspective: A Reconsideration"…

    • 334 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Cp 5001 Psychology

    • 2042 Words
    • 9 Pages

    Social Clock – a person’s notion of a developmental schedule that specifies what he or she should have accomplished by certain points in life.…

    • 2042 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The result in part one of this memo will examine the educational assortative mating which showed some similarly among respondents and their spouse’s educational level and weather they received any high school education or less. Based on table 1 both the respondents and their spouses level education showed similar percentages. The results also suggest that 60% of the respondents and their spouses received a high school education, about 15% of both spouses had some college education and about 25 % in both group had a…

    • 471 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    Stack, S., & Eshleman, R. (1998). Marital Status and Happiness: A 17-Nation Study. Journal of Marriage and Family, 60(2), 527-538.…

    • 1287 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Education and Marriage

    • 398 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Marriage is an important part of life. Education is also important. When it comes to marriage, choosing a mate with or without education is important. With an educated mate the marriage will be happier and more fulfilling. With a non-educated mate the marriage will be filled with problems and tension.…

    • 398 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The purpose of the study is to explore the level of resilience and life satisfaction among divorced women in India…

    • 3229 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Powerful Essays