A Eurosta solidaginis, also known as the Golden Rod Gall Fly, is an insect that lives in a Solidago atlissma/ canadis. The female Gall Fly has an ovipositor which implants eggs in the Golden Rod plant. Eggs are implanted by the mother onto the apical meristem. At the apical meristem the larva releases a chemical that stimulates the host goldenrod which in return forms the gall (Abrahamson, Kenneth, McCrea, Whitwell, and Vernieri 1991). The gall acts as a protective barrier for the Eurosta Solidagnis. The larva transforms from larvae to pupa in the gall. The Eurosta solidaginis predators include other insects and birds. The ovipositon, which is the placing of the eggs, occurs in mid- late May (Abrahamson, Sattler, McCrea, and Weis 1989). The gall start to appear about 3 weeks after the oviposition, and they finish growing, reaching their full size three to four weeks later. The…
Ralph hides in the jungle and thinks miserably about the chaos that has overrun the island. He thinks about the deaths of Simon and Piggy and realizes that all signs of civilization have been taken away from the island. He stumbles across the sow’s head, the Lord of the Flies, now just a gleaming white skull, looking as white as the conch shell. Angry, Ralph knocks the skull to the ground and takes the stake it was impaled on to use as a weapon against Jack.…
2. induced: persuaded "At last Ralph induced him to held the shell but by then the blow of laughter had taken away the child's voice."…
It is important to keep the generations separate so that you know you are crossing only F1 flies.…
Ans. When a boar comes charging down the path, Ralph throws a spear at it, hitting it in its nose. Although he didn’t kill the boar, this brings out a new side to Ralph's personality, as he becomes violent and excited about the concept of killing.…
5) the specificity of an enzyme is due to its activite site. The active site is shaped so that only a certain…
This experiment was conducted to study the relative fitness of two phenotypes of the Drosophila melanogaster and how fitness can affect evolution in the population. The phenotypes were placed in two different environments, one in which contained a predator and another with no predator. Results of the experiment would show how the fitness of each phenotype is affected by providing a mechanism, and if evolution was occurring in the population. Two hypotheses were inferred, one for each environment. For the cage uninfluenced by a predator, we hypothesized that evolution would occur due to sexual selection, and that sexual selection would be in favor of the wild-type drosophila. For the cage containing the predator, we hypothesized that the vestigial flies would have a higher relative fitness due to natural selection. A ratio of wild-type to vestigial flies was determined, and was set up in each environment. 10 wild-type to 40 vestigial flies was chosen, giving a total of 50 flies for each environment. Each week the flies were fed, and every two weeks they were counted to represent a new generation. At the end of the 13 week experiment, the last generation of flies were counted and recorded in a data table. The results of the experiment show that evolution was occurring in both cages, and that wild type flies were dominant regardless of the environment.…
Fruit flies have made a huge contribution towards knowledge about genetics, but for most people, they are just annoying insects that are attracted to their fruit. Their scientific name is Drosophila melanogaster, and to scientists, they have been a key to understand many principles of heredity including sex linked inheritance, epistasis, multiple alleles, and gene mapping. Fruit flies were the first organisms to be used for genetic analysis in 1910 by Thomas Hunt Morgan, and ever since, they have been used for genetic experiments (Ashburner).…
The hypothesis of the fruit fly mating experiment was that when placing homozygous recessive virgin female fruit flies in a mating tube with two homozygous males of each wing type, vestigial and wild type, the resulting offspring would fit the Hardy Weinberg theory that the offspring types would be split equally between homozygous recessive vestigial winged offspring and heterozygous wild type winged offspring. This predicted result did not occur. 79% of the offspring produced were heterozygous wild type, leaving only 21% of the offspring produced homozygous recessive. There are a number of reasons that this could have occurred. The original homozygous dominant wild type winged parent fruit fly’s had far greater ranges of movement, speed, agility, and prowess compared to the homozygous recessive vestigial winged parent fruit flies. Due to their shriveled non-functioning wings, they had greatly decreased movement, and therefore, in theory, had a much lower mating success rate. Another theory as to the resulting number of heterozygous dominant wild type offspring produced could be due to the females selecting a more physically admirable mate. If given the option, organisms in nature do their best to find the mate with the best observable features to produce the most viable offspring with the greatest reproductive success. The parent homozygous recessive vestigial female fruit fly’s could have tried to mate with the parent homozygous dominant wild type males and not the competing parent homozygous recessive vestigial males, in the attempt to produce offspring with a greater survival rate and…
Shoe Fly Don’t Bother Me is a darling story that deals with the esoteric meaning of home.…
As we enter the digital age, one thing is for sure and whether we like it or not this “dragonfly” will not be the last technology device we will see. However, as much as I fancies and enjoy this information ages I would not want to see this dragonfly spying my kids or me because, I believe it is an invasion of privacy.…
What does it take to launch an ultra-light fishing line over 200 feet? A little physics and a lot of feel for the fishing rod, that’s what. The trick to doing good is to have the thinner, end of the line, land on the water first then the fly. The end of the line cushions the fly, having the effect that a fly is landing on the water, not a piece of nylon string. This may sound easy, but it’s a lot harder than it seems. Just getting it to go that far is like “pitching a cotton ball at major league speeds.”…
"I studied the genetics of fruit flies for twenty-five years and during that time probably killed tens of millions of them without a thought. ...I applied for and received research funds to study behaviour in flies on the basis of the similarity of their neuromuscular system to ours. " (suzuki-681)…
life cycle of four specific stages. The first stage is the egg, which is about .…
The main question that the authors of the paper are trying to answer is whether delayed long-term memory consolidation of certain learning experiences that is observed in mammals is also present in other animals, specifically in Drosophila, and if so, to try to understand the neural pathways that are involved in the process of memory acquisition and consolidation, and understanding how the information acquired from the learning experience is stored and protected during the period of delay.…