Criminogenic needs can be described as changeable risk factors, that when reduced, result in reduced criminal behaviour. These needs are termed “criminogenic” because they are empirically related to criminal conduct and when reduced, lead to reductions in future reoffending. Therefore, changes in criminogenic needs have a desired effect on changes in criminal behaviour. In the Risk Assessment case study, a number of these criminogenic needs as well as the “central eight” risk factors are evident contributors to the criminal nature and history of the accused. The first and most important criminogenic need in respect to the case is the Family/Marital factor. The accused believed that his wife had been having an affair and he constantly accused her of infidelity and being seductive with other men. These feelings of insecurity led to many years of constant arguments and assault cases with his wife up until he killed her. This is evident in the fact that the first assault case filed against him was when he was aged 37 and the cases lingered up until the accused was 42. This criminogenic need also directly relates with the family and/or marital “central eight” risk factor. The second most important criminogenic need in respect to the case is the Substance Abuse factor. The substance being abused in this case is alcohol. The accused is of the opinion that his antisocial and violent behaviour is motivated by alcohol abuse. Alcohol substance abuse can also be traced in the impaired driving charges accrued by the accused, which served as one of his previous convictions. Alcohol abuse can also be held responsible for his current state of unemployment as it got him fired from previous jobs. Ultimately, it could be the reason why he does not remember the incidents leading to the murder of his wife because he could have been under the influence.…
In this particular article, psychologist Terrie Moffitt’s focal point is centered on a dual taxonomy of offending behavior that is seemingly prevalent amongst youth offenders. Dr. Moffitt theorizes that there are two types of antisocial offenders in society: the adolescence-limited offenders, who display antisocial behavior during adolescence and the life-course-persistent offenders, who display antisocial behavior early in childhood and continue this pattern into adulthood. This theory is an attempt to provide, examine, as well as, explain the developmental processes that can distinctively shape the age crime curve. The majority of adolescents in contemporary society have or will engage in juvenile delinquency.…
Someone can be affected by their surroundings, whether it is the community, they live in or peer pressure. In addition, someone’s genetics can have an influence on his or her behaviors. That person could suffer from a mental illness that causes irrational behaviors. There are also the individuals that just want to do it on their own free will (Schmalleger, 2011, p.…
Crime is a very fragile word that could be portrayed into many different understandings. The definition of a crime; According to "Dictionary.com" (2014), " is an action or an instance of negligence that is deemed injurious to the public welfare or morals or to the interests of the state, and that is legally prohibited" (Noun 1.) Law means having a set of rules and regulations in which communities and society as a whole abide by. Crime can be understood as acting against those laws (rules) that have a punishment in return for those actions. There are two models that are most commonly used by society to determine whether certain acts…
The need principle states that effective interventions should be provided to those offenders that human characteristics, that are criminogenic. These people have the most chance and probability of getting re-offended. There are risk factoring characteristics that increase the chance of recidivism. For example, “Static Characteristics”, is risk factoring characteristics that include gender, age, income, the number of convictions or any drug.…
Technology is another impact that must be taken into consideration. As technology advances and the power of technology improve, the capability and opportunity for cyber crime will also advance. It will become increasingly difficult to track and catch these cyber criminals unless the criminal justice system catches up and keeps up with the advancing technologies.…
An in-depth knowledge of theories is not required at this level, rather demonstration of knowledge of two of the biological, sociological and psychological explanations for criminal behaviour and how factors such as negative family influences, lack of education, poverty and unemployment may impact on the behaviour of the offender and how society’s views of criminal behaviour have changed over time.…
The criminal justice system in the United States of America is a complex system concerning law, policing, courts, and corrections. Each action and change within these areas affects the entire system. Each system works together to ensure that the ultimate goals of the criminal justice system are met. The goals of the criminal justice system are to prevent and control crime, and to maintain social order. While maintaining social order, the system must ensure that the individual rights and liberties of people are protected. This includes the individual rights and liberties of people who are mentally ill. Mental illness is an all too common issue that affects approximately 11% of the United States. (James & Glaze, 2006) The criminal justice system is constantly changing. New decisions are made and new laws are created. The criminal justice system deals with the mentally ill on a constant basis and there are new laws, rules, and amendments…
The criminal justice system is nothing more than different sets of agencies tasked to carry out penalties for those who have committed a crime and broken the law. How the criminal justice system actually works depends on where and who is in charge such as, a city, county, federal government and also where the laws are effective such as, military jurisdiction. The main two systems that make up the criminal justice system are State and Federal systems. State criminal justice systems handle only crimes committed within the state that they are in charge of. Federal systems handle crimes committed on federal property or in more than one state. Both of these systems are in place for a reason because different laws apply depending on where the crime takes place and what crime was committed.…
Many factors must be considered when assessing the behaviors of children with incarcerated parents. Was the child exposed to parental criminality prior to the parent's incarceration? Did the child exhibit emotional instability or have behavior problems before the parent's incarceration? In Doing Time on the Outside, Braman argues that "[Children] made fatherless by incarceration are not only more likely to be abused, to live in poverty, and to burden their extended family but also more likely to be involved in the criminal justice system themselves, contributing to a cycle of abuse and neglect across generations (p 93)." Having an antisocial or incarcerated parent was one of the strongest predictors of violent or serious delinquency in adolescence and young adulthood (Eddy and Reid, 2001)." Children with incarcerated parents often exhibit behaviors that stem from feelings of anger, anxiety or fear, to name a few. Socioeconomic status, parent education, sexual abuse, substance abuse and physical abuse are a few of the many factors that affect how children cope with parental incarceration.…
The Criminal Justice System is the system of law enforcement that is directly involved in apprehending, prosecuting, defending, sentencing and punishes those who is suspected or convicted of criminal offenses. The two main systems are the State and Federal: The state criminal justice systems handles crime committed within their state boundaries while the Federal criminal justice system handles crimes committed on federal property or in several states; Federal crimes compared to state crimes are more severe and the jail times are longer. The Jury plays a central role in the justice system,in a trial the jury hears evidence, testimonies, and determines whether it satisfies the crime. (Burns, Ronald G. The Criminal Justice System. Upper Saddle…
Being antisocial is looked at as a list of multiple behaviors that disrupt normalcy. As the child of an incarcerated parent grows to be an adolescent, there may be even more social problems. Now the child is growing up and can get into more trouble for their social deviance. When it comes to getting in trouble, they may use excuses to cause them to get into more trouble. After all, what excuse is better than, “My dad did it?”…
The criminal justice system in England and Wales is formulated on the basis of some basic aims and targets. The main target of this system is to reduce the prevalence of crime and ensure the speedy trial of the culprits. The main steps involved in the criminal justice system include the policing, court trial and corrections (Davies, Croall and Tyrer 2005). The initial investigation and collection of evidence is carried out by police. After that, the suspect is presented in the court for trial and the adequate sentence and punishment is finalized. Correction involves the participation of culprits in different activities according to the terms and conditions of the punishment.…
Television in today's society is mainly focused around crime and violence. This subject matter seems to get the attention of many audience viewers whether it is a docu-drama or real life investigations about serial killers. Some of the shows that I enjoy watching that involve crime include Cops, Forensic Files, and Medium, which is a docu-drama on NBC. While watching these shows on many different occasions, I have realized that some do follow the criminal justice system while others don't…
Over five million people are under the supervision of the criminal justice systems in the United States. Approximately, 1.6 million are incarcerated in local, state, and federal institutions. The remaining, or almost 70 percent of those under the responsibility of the criminal justice system, are being supervised in the community on probation or parole. This means that at any one time a large number of U.S. citizens are in the community under correctional supervision. For example, nearly 2 percent or 3.8 million adult men and women in the United States were being supervised in the community on federal or state probation or parole in 1995 (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1997).…