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Flood
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For other uses, see Flood (disambiguation).

Contemporary picture of the flood that struck the North Sea coast of Germany andDenmark in October 1634.

People seeking refuge from flood in Java. ca. 1865–1876.

Flooding of a creek due to heavymonsoonal rain and high tide in Darwin,Northern Territory, Australia.

Jeddah Flood, covering King Abdullah Street in Saudi Arabia.

Flooding near Key West, Florida, United States from Hurricane Wilma's storm surgein October 2005.

Flooding in a street of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil in April 2013.

Flash flooding caused by heavy rain falling in a short amount of time.

Dozens of villages were inundated when rain pushed the rivers of northwesternBangladesh over their banks in early October 2005. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onNASA’s Terra satellite captured the top image of the flooded Ghaghat and Atrai Rivers on October 12, 2005. The deep blue of the rivers is spread across the countryside in the flood image.
A flood is an overflow of water that submerges land which is normally dry.[1] The European Union (EU) Floods Directive defines a flood as a covering by water of land not normally covered by water.[2] In the sense of "flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide. Flooding may occur as an overflow of water from water bodies, such as a river or lake, in which the water overtops or breakslevees, resulting in some of that water escaping its usual boundaries,[3] or it may occur due to an accumulation of rainwater on saturated ground in an areal flood. While the size of a lake or other body of water will vary with seasonal changes in precipitation and snow melt, these changes in size are unlikely to be considered significant unless they flood property or drown domestic animals.
Floods can also occur in rivers when the flow rate exceeds the capacity of the river channel, particularly at bends or meanders in the waterway. Floods often cause damage to homes and businesses if they are in the natural flood plains of rivers. While riverine flood damage can be eliminated by moving away from rivers and other bodies of water, people have traditionally lived and worked by rivers because the land is usually flat and fertile and because rivers provide easy travel and access to commerce and industry.
Some floods develop slowly, while others such as flash floods, can develop in just a few minutes and without visible signs of rain. Additionally, floods can be local, impacting a neighbourhood or community, or very large, affecting entire river basins.