The experiment was conducted in five trials. The pillbugs attraction to the substance was measured by the amount of time within one minute the pillbug was in the substance. Inside the crate the sand was placed on the left side followed by a cardboard divider and the cornstarch was placed on the right side followed by a divider, leaving a neutral spot in the middle where the pillbug was placed for one minute after each trial.…
The purpose of lab number thirteen was to examine the response of the daphnia to a chemical stimulant. Also examined was how human resting heart rates differed from the daphnia’s. Stimulants are any substances that raise the levels of activity in the body. Stimulants could be a number of things such as physical or chemical. Physical stimulus usually deal with something that affects the five senses such as sight, hearing these could be attributed to loud noises or too much light going into your eye. Chemical stimuli differ because chemicals such as caffeine and alcohol usually cause these to affect cognitive abilities and heart rate. These same things can also affect muscle response and glandular response causing twitches and the production…
The process of deriving the new drug starts in the laboratory. The chemical formula of the drug are composed in the lab and also called as the vitro testing. This type of testing performed before the drug can be tested on the animals or humans. The vitro testing gives the chemical description of the new drug and formulates the base and additional supplements. After vitro testing is done, the vivo testing starts on the animals. This process includes testing to figure out the possible side effects, level of toxicity, adverse effect and addiction. During this phase the pharmacodynamics of the drug is explored, which includes the calculation of the drug’s effect whether it desired or undesired and it always depends on the time and dose. During the testing on the animals also develops the frequency distribution curve, half-life, median effective dose (ED50), median toxicity dose and therapeutic index.…
In this laboratory experiment, our control was the Daphnia that gets spring water, whereas the drugs were the independent variable and the heart rate was the dependable variable. The first step our group did was to place the Daphnia into a clean depression slide. Next, we added a small drop of the spring water and put a cover slip over the slide. Then, we waited for one minute prior to placing the slide on the microscope in order to allow time for either solution or the drug to take its effect. After we put the slide on the microscope, we located the heart of Daphnia and counted its heartbeats while the other member kept time for each three 10-second trials. We recorded our data and calculated the average heart rates of three trials we found during the experiment. Afterwards, we calculated the average 60-second heart rates by multiplying the averages of our 10-second heart rates by 6. These procedures were repeated with the rest of solutions as well, including caffeine, aspirin, alcohol, sleep-aid, and…
evaluation of the content of paracetamol in the bulk, dosage forms and in urine, a body fluid. Separation…
After receiving all of the information and comparing the results of the symptoms, melting point, and infrared spectroscopy we concluded that they analgesic he was given was ibuprofen. His symptoms had matched the general symptoms of an ibuprofen overdose in cats. According to the Ibuprofen and Naproxen Toxicity article the common overdose symptoms included vomiting and diarrhea. Next we compared the melting point we received when we used the Electrothermal 9100. The melting point we collected was 75.6˚C. According to ChemBlink, the melting point for ibuprofen falls anywhere between 75˚C and 78˚C. This was the next step that helped us conclude our analgesic was ibuprofen. The last comparison we made was from our infrared spectroscopy we collected and the one Dr. Allison gave as a reference. The peaks of the graph were similar to the reference given. Attached is the graph we collected and printed.…
The first thing before testing the mice, are figuring out what our materials are. You can’t just have a couple of mice run across the floor since you wouldn’t know the speed of their run or if they even wanted to run at that time. You would have to figure out all of your obstacles that block you from doing this experiment and block them by thoroughly preparing. The first obstacle is to get the mice. You would at least…
For this experiment we tested the effects of different adrenalin concentrations (0.001%; 0.01%; 0.1%) on the daphnia flea. The daphnia was placed on a slide with cover slip in order to examine its heartbeat by using the microscope.…
Zechmeister, J. S., Zechmeister, E. B., & Shaughnessy, J. J. (2001). Essentials of research methods in psychology . Boston: McGraw-Hill Higher Education.…
| Biophysical medication resolves around the central theory of treating a behavioral or emotional disorder with appropriate physical interventions and methods. Teachers are often the first adults that notice when a child has a physical ailment. Whether it is stomach ache or a cold, a very observant teacher notices when a child is not behaving like his or her normal self. Likewise, the teacher is often the first adult that is able to give a valuable opinion on the effectiveness of medication on a student. Students with ADD/ADHD are often required to take the medicine at the start of the school day. This means that the majority of the time will be spent with teachers and not with the primary caregivers such as the parents and likewise teachers will be able to provide a better account of a drug’s side effect. As relating to biophysical medication, a student’s teacher…
The monkeys developed psychological dependence on morphine, codeine, cocaine, d-amphetamine, pentobarbital, ethanol, and caffeine. All of the drugs except caffeine produced psychotoxicity. Monkeys didn’t created a psychological dependence on…
4. Unlike Snow’s later work on cholera, his research on anesthesia was experimental in nature. What general skills of experimental design were necessary to plan effective experiments to test dosage measuring and delivery systems for anesthesia, or to investigate the properties and effects of different drugs?…
These medications wok by regulating impulsive behavior, improving attention span and focus by increasing the level of dopamine and norepinephrine, which are chemicals found in the brain. These chemical assist with transmitting signals between nerves. Stimulants have been proven to have improved symptoms in approximately 70 to 80percent of children ("WebMD", 2014). On the other hand there are some not so good effects associated with the use of stimulant medications as well. For instance some of the most common side effects include, tics, increased heartbeat, feeling restless and nervous/jittery, insomnia, reduce or loss in appetite, headaches, upset stomach, irritability, mood swings, depression, and vertigo. More serious side effects associated with the use of stimulants are, chest pain, shortness of breath, fainting, hallucinations (i.e., seeing or hearing things that are not real), suspicion and paranoia, as the risk of dependency ("Helpguide.org", n.d.). Stimulants do have many benefits. On the other hand they also carry many risk. This is why medication is usually the option chosen after exhausting all other available options. The last…
A researcher wants to see if antihistamines will increase the amount of time in seconds it takes participants to react to a surprise stimulus. He first collects the participants' reaction times while not on antihistamines, and then gives them the dose of antihistamine. One hour later, he collects the participants' reaction times again.…
The control for this experiment is a solution with no caffeine which allows us to see if the change in heart rate is due to the caffeine or other factors. To ensure that this experiment is a fair test only the concentration of the caffeine will be…