The journey to the afterlife was not an easy one, while you were dead you would wait for the mummification process to finish, while mummifying a body,…
Known as Egyptian canopic jars, these jars function as a means to preserve the organs of mummies for their afterlife. The only organs ancient Egyptians thought of as significant were the heart, stomach, lungs, liver, and intestines. However, the heart was left in the body to be weighed against the Ma’at (truth goddess) feather in the afterlife as the deciding factor of the deceased fate: eternal afterlife or devoured by the god Amenti. Ancient Egyptians practiced a seventy day process of preparing the deceased body, therefore following the myth of Osiris the original mummy. Ancient Egyptians used a mixture of baking soda and salt called natron to embalm what they deemed the…
Akhenaton (Amenhotep IV) was an eighteenth dynasty pharaoh who is known for his attempt to change Egyptian culture and religion. As the younger son of Amenhotep III, he would have not been pharaoh but when his elder brother (crown prince Thutmose) died he had a claim for the thrown and became the Pharaoh of Egypt. Akhenaton had many wives and fathered many children. His wives (or consorts) include Nefertiti and Kiya; some Egyptologists suggest that (like his father) Akhenaton may have taken some daughters as wives or consorts. Akhenaton’s known children are: Tutankhaten (later known as Tuankhamun and King Tut), Smenkhkare, Meritaten, Meketaten, Ankhesenpaaten (later wife of Tuankhamun), Neferneferuaten Tasherit, Neferneferure and…
There Anubis weighed your heart against the feather of Ma'at. Ma'at, the goddess of justice sits on top of the scales to make sure that the weighing is carried out properly. You can see Anubis steadying the scales to make the weighing fair. If your heart was lighter than the feather, you lived for ever. We still talk of "a heart as light as a feather" to mean care-free, and "heavy-hearted" to mean sad. If your heart was heavier than the feather then it was eaten by the demon Ammit, the Destroyer. Ammit had the head of a crocodile, the shoulders of a lion and the rump of a hippopotamus. These were all frightening animals for the Egyptians. Thoth, god of wisom and writing, stands by to record what…
There’s an Egyptian book called Book of the Dead which is best known literary work on Egyptian religion. It contains a collection of spells and incantations used during this time to help dead people reach the afterlife (Edgar). In this book they explained the preparation for the underworld, in which they have Anubis weighs the dead person’s heart against a feather. This is for the gods to determine the worthless of the soul of the person that just died. For the Egyptians, death was not the end for them, it was just an extension of their worldly life. Their meaning of the next life for them meant that there will be birds, animals, people, rivers, food and even wine…
When reading the Hindu writings about reality, there were many apparent similarities when compared to Egyptian and Hebrew ideas. Along with these similarities however, came many distinct differences.…
The Ancient Egyptians believed that when the King or Pharaoh died, part of his spirit remained with his body. Ancient Egyptians were very concerned with the afterlife. By mummifying a dead person’s body the Ancient Egyptians thought that the person’s soul from their…
Egyptians believed that when a king died, his spiritual body returned to its original abode with the gods. The Egyptians felt it was their duty to worship the kings even after they left earth. By having festivals at the tombs, placing offerings of food in the grave of the dead to prevent them from returning, and praying for the welfare of the dead; they believed that their offerings helped the kings find their way to the gods above. “This happy result was partly by the performance of certain ceremonies which first wholly magical, but late, partly magical and partly religious” (3).…
The Axial Age is a time period where many religions began and answered questions about how one should live his life. Pre-axial religions were focused on oneself and how to live in the present. They had local gods and as one moved around he worshiped the god of that area. These gods demanded sacrifices and other rituals. However, there was no emphasis on what happened after a person died. The pre-axial religions were more concerned with practical problems like winning wars and growing crops. The religions from the Pre-axial Age did not have any focus on these questions. It was up to each person to decide how he would live his life, if it was ethical or not. During the Axial Age, Hinduism provided some answers to Axial Age questions, while…
The organs, excluding the heart would be removed, and the mouth would be broke open. This allowed for the testimony and the weighing of the heart when attempting to gain entrance into the underworld (afterlife). According to Geoffroy Parrinder, author of…
Most people describe a “god” as a powerful and omnipotent being who created the world, and guides his people to be morally just. Whether it is God of Christianity, Yahweh of Judaism, or Allah of Islamism, most “Western” religions have the same monotheistic feel, and even Buddhists who are neither monotheistic nor polytheistic all follow the same concept of working towards a more honest life. However, in ancient times, religion was not at all like this. In Ancient Mesopotamia, and Ancient Egypt, religion was polytheistic, and there were not many teachings that prevented people from becoming sinful. It was not until the Hebrews came along, that this new idea of monotheism and righteousness was considered. The religious structure and implementation of the Hebrews was more developed than that of the Egyptian and Mesopotamian civilizations.…
Ancient Egyptians believed that life on Earth was only temporary, but life would continue on into the afterlife, where they would spend eternity. The decisions they made in the mortal world would predict their destiny after death. The egyptians believed one either was sent to the afterlife for their good deeds, or they suffer the consequences of their wrongdoings, and are sent to the underworld. The Egyptians lived their lives according to how they would want to live for eternity since “the Egyptian afterlife was a mirror-image of life on earth.” (Mark)…
The promise of life after death seems to have dominated at all levels of Egyptian culture. The Book of the Dead, a collection of funeral prayers originating as far back as 4000 BC, prepared each individual for final judgment in the presence of Osiris and Isis. (Fiero,…
Egyptian culture was also a social class and there social class was social pyramid. In the social pyramid of ancient Egypt the pharaoh and those associated with divinity were at the top, and servants and slaves made up the bottom. The Egyptians also elevated some human beings to gods. Their leaders, called pharaohs, were believed to be gods in human form. Style of egyptian culture or egyptian art Egyptian art is the painting, sculpture, architecture and otherarts produced by the civilization of Ancient Egypt in the lower Nile Valley from about 3000 BC to 100 AD. Ancient Egyptian art reached a high level in painting and sculpture, and was both highly stylized and symbolic.…
In most ancient cultures, religion played a massive role in the everyday life of their citizens. No other ancient society demonstrated this better than the ancient Egyptians, who devoted all of their life and much of their resources to worship. Ancient Egypt was an entirely theologically based society, demonstrated by the intellectual aspects of their lives. This is shown by the social ranking or pyramid, with the top tiers being made up of religious figures, the focus of their studies, and the fact that their beliefs were their motivation to live.…