Electronics Manual
Lab Manual Solutions
Industrial Control Electronics:
Devices, Systems, and Applications
3rd edition
Terry L.M. Bartelt
Australia • Canada • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States
Experiment
1
Operational Amplifiers
Experiment Questions
1. analog 2. linear 3. greater 4. 6, – 5. -5V
INPUTS V1 +4 +2 +1 +4 0 +3 V2 +1 +3 0 +4 +1 +2 VOUT (V) -5V +5V -5V 0V +5V -5V
VIN +0.2V –0.4V 0V +0.32V
VOUT -1V +2V 0V -1.6V
VIN VOUT +0.3V -0.75V –0.15V +0.38V +5V –2.0V -1V +0.4V
Figure 1-2 b
Figure 1-3 b&c
Input Voltage V1 V2 V3 +1V +1V +1V +1V –1V –1V +2V –1V –1V –3V –1V +3V +1V +2V –1V
Output Voltage Measured Calculated -3V -3V +1V +1V 0V 0V +1V -2V +1V -2V
Figure 1-4b
1
Experiment
2
Schmitt Trigger
Procedure Question Answer 1. No. Because the 7476 J-K flip-flop is negative edge triggered, and reacts only to positive-to-negative–going signals that change abruptly. The rectified sine wave does not change fast enough. Step 5
Point 1 .9 Vth – = _____VDC 1.7 Vth + = _____VDC
Table 2-1 Step 7
Waveform
At Point 1
At Point 2
Is the Flip-Flop Toggling (Yes, No)
Circuit (a)
NO
Circuit (b)
YES
Table 2-2
Experiment Questions
1. - Convert electronic signals to square waves. - Perform NAND gate and Inverter logic functions. 2. D. 3. edge 4. Low, High 5. hysteresis 6. Because when sine waves are counted, they must be converted to square waves before being applied to a flip-flop.
2
Experiment
3
Magnitude Comparator
Procedure Question Answer 1. If the high order bits are equal, then the output state is determined by comparing the low order bits. Step 2A
Input B B2 B1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Input A A2 A1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Outputs A=B 1 0 0 0 0
B3 0 0 1 0 0
B0 0 0 1 1 1
A3 0 0 1 0 1
A0 0 1 0 0 1
AB 0 0 0 1 1
Table 3-2 Step 3B
B3 0 0 0 1 0 Input B B2 B1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 B0 0 1 0 0 1 A3 1 0 0 1 1 Input A A2 A1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 A0 1 1 0 1 0 Expansion
Industrial Control Electronics:
Devices, Systems, and Applications
3rd edition
Terry L.M. Bartelt
Australia • Canada • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States
Experiment
1
Operational Amplifiers
Experiment Questions
1. analog 2. linear 3. greater 4. 6, – 5. -5V
INPUTS V1 +4 +2 +1 +4 0 +3 V2 +1 +3 0 +4 +1 +2 VOUT (V) -5V +5V -5V 0V +5V -5V
VIN +0.2V –0.4V 0V +0.32V
VOUT -1V +2V 0V -1.6V
VIN VOUT +0.3V -0.75V –0.15V +0.38V +5V –2.0V -1V +0.4V
Figure 1-2 b
Figure 1-3 b&c
Input Voltage V1 V2 V3 +1V +1V +1V +1V –1V –1V +2V –1V –1V –3V –1V +3V +1V +2V –1V
Output Voltage Measured Calculated -3V -3V +1V +1V 0V 0V +1V -2V +1V -2V
Figure 1-4b
1
Experiment
2
Schmitt Trigger
Procedure Question Answer 1. No. Because the 7476 J-K flip-flop is negative edge triggered, and reacts only to positive-to-negative–going signals that change abruptly. The rectified sine wave does not change fast enough. Step 5
Point 1 .9 Vth – = _____VDC 1.7 Vth + = _____VDC
Table 2-1 Step 7
Waveform
At Point 1
At Point 2
Is the Flip-Flop Toggling (Yes, No)
Circuit (a)
NO
Circuit (b)
YES
Table 2-2
Experiment Questions
1. - Convert electronic signals to square waves. - Perform NAND gate and Inverter logic functions. 2. D. 3. edge 4. Low, High 5. hysteresis 6. Because when sine waves are counted, they must be converted to square waves before being applied to a flip-flop.
2
Experiment
3
Magnitude Comparator
Procedure Question Answer 1. If the high order bits are equal, then the output state is determined by comparing the low order bits. Step 2A
Input B B2 B1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 Input A A2 A1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Outputs A=B 1 0 0 0 0
B3 0 0 1 0 0
B0 0 0 1 1 1
A3 0 0 1 0 1
A0 0 1 0 0 1
AB 0 0 0 1 1
Table 3-2 Step 3B
B3 0 0 0 1 0 Input B B2 B1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 B0 0 1 0 0 1 A3 1 0 0 1 1 Input A A2 A1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 A0 1 1 0 1 0 Expansion