Enabling Technologies

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.0 Executive Summary 1

1.1. Key Findings and Considerations 3

2.0 INTRODUCTION 6

3.0 Key Trends and Drivers 9

3.1. Globalisation 9

3.2. Energy and the Environment 9

3.3. Resource Efficiency and Waste Management 10

3.4. Ageing Population 10

3.5. Changing Consumer Needs 11

4.0 Enabling technologies summary table 12

5.0 Nanotechnology 15

5.1. Nanotechnology Global Market Overview 16

5.2. Nanotechnology Analysis 19

5.3. Drivers 22

5.4. Opportunities 23

5.5. Barriers 26

5.6. Risks 30

5.7. Disruptive Potential 32

5.8. Nanotools and Platforms 33

5.9. Manufactured Nanomaterials and Components 38

5.10. Nanodevices and Systems 48

6.0 Biotechnology 55

6.1. Biotechnology Global Market Overview 56

6.2. Drivers 58

6.3. Opportunities 59

6.4. Barriers 60

6.5. Risks 61

6.6. Disruptive Potential 62

6.7. Emerging Biotechnology Techniques 63

6.8. Biotechnology Applications 70

7.0 Synthetic Biology 94

7.1. Synthetic Biology Global Market Overview 95

7.2. Drivers 97

7.3. Opportunities 98

7.4. Barriers 99

7.5. Risks 102

7.6. Disruptive Potential 107

7.7. Synthetic Biology Applications 108

8.0 CONTRIBUTION TO ADDRESSING Australia’s MAJOR NATIONAL CHALLENGES 119

8.1. Mining Boom 119

8.2. Climate Change 122

8.3. Increasing Demand for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Sources 125

8.4. Sustainable Use of Natural Resources 133

8.5. Ageing of the Population and Health 135

8.6. Food Security 145

8.7. Biosecurity 149

8.8. Global Competitiveness and Productivity of Australian Industry 150

8.9. National Defence and Security 155

8.10. Summary 160

9.0 Influences Affecting the Adoption of Enabling Technologies 166

9.1. Challenges in the Uptake of Enabling Technologies in Australia 166

9.2. Market-pull Commercialisation 167