Engineering English Lab Manual
FIRST YEAR ENGLISH LAB MANUAL
It is useful for JNT University Engineering Students.
PREPARED BY
DEPT. OF ENGLISH
JOGINPALLY B.R ENGINEERING COLLEGE Yenkapally (v), moinabad (m), R.R. Dist
UNIT-I
PHONETICS
INTRODUCTION: Language has a very important social purpose, because it is mainly used for linguistic communication. Linguistics is a systematic study of language. Phonetics is a branch of linguistics and it is the branch dealing with the medium of speech. It deals with the production, transmission and reception of the sounds of human speech.
SPEECH MECHANISM:
To speak we use a special mechanism which produces sound with the help of energizer, a vibrator and resonators. The energizer in reality is the exhaled breath, the vocal cords act as the vibrators and the resonators are the passages of the throat, mouth and nose. Sound is produced by allowing the air to pass from the lungs through the wind-pipe to the mouth or the nose, and by using the tongue and lips in various positions letting it escape. When the air escapes through the nose either wholly or partially, nasal sounds are produced or when it.
ORGANS OF SPEECH
Most sounds of most languages are produced with a pulmonic aggressive air stream mechanism. The air that we breathe out comes out of the lungs. Before it gets out into the outer atmosphere, various organs in our body convert it into speech sounds. These organs are called the organs of speech.
The organs of speech can be divided into the following three groups.
1.The respiratory system: This comprises the lungs, the muscles of the chest and windpipe or trachea.
2. The phonatory system: This comprises the larynx.
3.The articulatory system: This comprises the nose, the teeth, the tongue, the roof of the mouth and the lips
Sounds during which the air escapes only through the nose are called nasal sounds. To ascertain whether a sound is oral or
It is useful for JNT University Engineering Students.
PREPARED BY
DEPT. OF ENGLISH
JOGINPALLY B.R ENGINEERING COLLEGE Yenkapally (v), moinabad (m), R.R. Dist
UNIT-I
PHONETICS
INTRODUCTION: Language has a very important social purpose, because it is mainly used for linguistic communication. Linguistics is a systematic study of language. Phonetics is a branch of linguistics and it is the branch dealing with the medium of speech. It deals with the production, transmission and reception of the sounds of human speech.
SPEECH MECHANISM:
To speak we use a special mechanism which produces sound with the help of energizer, a vibrator and resonators. The energizer in reality is the exhaled breath, the vocal cords act as the vibrators and the resonators are the passages of the throat, mouth and nose. Sound is produced by allowing the air to pass from the lungs through the wind-pipe to the mouth or the nose, and by using the tongue and lips in various positions letting it escape. When the air escapes through the nose either wholly or partially, nasal sounds are produced or when it.
ORGANS OF SPEECH
Most sounds of most languages are produced with a pulmonic aggressive air stream mechanism. The air that we breathe out comes out of the lungs. Before it gets out into the outer atmosphere, various organs in our body convert it into speech sounds. These organs are called the organs of speech.
The organs of speech can be divided into the following three groups.
1.The respiratory system: This comprises the lungs, the muscles of the chest and windpipe or trachea.
2. The phonatory system: This comprises the larynx.
3.The articulatory system: This comprises the nose, the teeth, the tongue, the roof of the mouth and the lips
Sounds during which the air escapes only through the nose are called nasal sounds. To ascertain whether a sound is oral or