Ecaterina Albu, MA, senior university lecturer
unilateral, bilateral, trilateral, multilateral monogamy, polygamy inflexible, imbalance, irrational, illegal download, copyright, mother wit, green wealth We summered in Spain last year.
English Lexicology(I)
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skate, skim, skin, ski, sketch, skid
This fox goes well with your cap.
He is too fond of bottles. blue-collar workers, white-collar workers, gray-collar works, pink-collar works, gold-collar workers forbidden fruits
The question was like the Sphinx’s riddle to them
Your Adam’s apple is not apparent as timid as a rabbit ; a green hand
English Lexicology(I)
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It’s a difficult operation.
I do think Adam is quick. a sheet of paper; a white paper, a term paper; today’s paper, examination paper
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“Without grammar very little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.”
(Wilkins, 1972)
Lecture 1
1.1 Language, Linguistics and Lexicology
1.2 Aims and Significance of the Course
1.1 Language, Linguistics and Lexicology
What is language?
a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.
a specific social action
a carrier of information.
“Language is man’s way of communication with his fellow man and it is language alone which separate him from the lower animals”
English Lexicology(I)
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1.1 Language, Linguistics and Lexicology
What is linguistics?
scientific study of language
studies the general principles upon which languages are constructed and operate as systems of human communication English Lexicology(I)
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Linguistics –study of language SYSTEM
GRAMMAR – hierarchy of language
SEMANTICS – deals with meaning
PRAGMATICS – language in context
It’s all connected in LANGUAGE
Language is a SYSTEM
What do linguists do? Learn languages?
Why do we need linguistics
Linguistics – is it useful?
Computer programming
(Google searches, Siri)
Language education
Speech-Language pathology
Academia = scientific research
Linguistics is INTERDISCIPLINARY
neurology psychology anatomy
computer science linguistics history biology
anthropology
acoustics
And now the conclusion:
Linguistics explains how and why languages work the way they do.
Lexicology
“lexis” - word, phrase
“logos” - science
Lexicology is…
a branch of linguistics
concerned with the study of the vocabulary of a given language. English Lexicology(I)
Other useful Greek roots
“phono” - sound
“morpho” - form, shape, formation
“sema” – meaning
“pragma”- use, context, effect
“syntaxis” – connection, sentence
“grapho” - writing
Other useful terms
Lexical – dealing with words and vocabulary
Semantic - dealing with meaning
Phonetic – dealing with sounds
Grammatical – dealing with language structure
Morphological – dealing with word form
Syntactical – dealing with sentence structure
Stylistic - dealing with emotional effect produced
Lexicology deals with…
words and other units
their origin
development
structure
formation
meaning and usage
English Lexicology(I)
Language Units
Morphemes
Words
Word groups/Phrases
Set-expressions / Phraseological units
/Idioms
NB! Phrase = word combination/group
Phrase IS NOT sentence!
1.2 Aims and Significance of the Course
What is lexicology?
theoretically-oriented
It is mainly concerned with the basic theories of words in general and of English words in particular. a practical course we will deal with large stocks of words and idioms study many usage examples lots of practice
English Lexicology(I)
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1.2 Aims and Significance of the Course
The role of vocabulary in the language system
Vocabulary is the building material of the language system. It is one of the essential elements of language: speech sounds, grammar and vocabulary.
“…there is a sense in which learning a foreign language is basically a matter of learning the vocabulary of that language. Not being able to find the words to express yourself is the most frustrating experience in speaking another language.”
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1.2 Aims and Significance of the Course
Aims of the course
Give a systematic description of the
English vocabulary.
Offer an insight into the origin and development of the English vocabulary.
Discuss the problems of word-structure and word-formation
Study the use of English words , their meanings and changes in meaning, their sense relations.
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Aims of Lexicology
Principles of the classification of vocabulary units into various groupings
The laws governing the replenishment (=enrichment) of the vocabulary
Studies the relations between various lexical layers of the
English vocabulary
The specific laws and regulations that govern development of the vocabulary
The source and growth of the vocabulary and changes it has undergone
Lexicology and Connections with
Other Linguistic Sciences
phonetics
grammar
stylistics
history of the language
sociolinguistics
Types of Lexicology
General Lexicology – general study of words and vocabulary, irrespective of the specific features of any particular language part of general linguistics
Types of Lexicology
Special Lexicology – description of the characteristic peculiarities in the vocabulary of a given language
We study ENGLISH lexicology =>
English vocabulary
Types of Lexicology
Historical Lexicology – origin of various words, their change and development, linguistic and extralinguistic factors influencing the structure of words, their meaning and usage
Types of Lexicology
Descriptive Lexicology – vocabulary of a given language at a given stage of its development functions of words, morphological and semantic structures of words
Types of Lexicology
Comparative and Contrastive Lexicology – correlation between the languages, correspondences between the vocabulary units of different languages
1.2 Aims an Significance of the Course
Develop your personal vocabulary and consciously increase your word power (active vocabulary).
Understand word-meaning and organize, classify and store words more effectively.
Understand meaning and usages, use words more accurately and appropriately.
Develop your skills and habits of analyzing and generalizing linguistic phenomena in your learning experiences. English Lexicology(I)
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BOOKS (all in English, don’t you worry)
I. V. Arnold – The English Word / Лексикология современного английского языка (in our library)
G. B. Antrushina - Лексикология английского языка
R. S. Ginzburg – A Course in Modern English
Lexicology
You will be given a DOWNLOAD link.
Things you need to do:
Fill in this online form: http://goo.gl/CyJy6s
Download books: https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/49662694/Uni versity/2014-2015/LEXICOLOGY.zip
THANK YOU!
See you at the seminar.
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