English work

Agha Zuhaib Khan

Past and Important Solved MCQS
Sociology
1) When the researcher asks the respondent face to face question, this method is called:
(a) Interview Schedule
(b) Questionnaire
(c) Observation
(d) Interview guide
(e) None of these
2) Power that people consider legitimate is known as:
(a) Force
(b) Right
(c) Authority
(d) Previlege
(e) None of these
3) Social Structure of a society is the network of:
(a) Institutional relations
(b) Value System
(c) Traditions
(d) Compliance to Norms
(e) None of these
4) WID approach believes in:
(a) Gender mainstreaming
(b) Gender Segregation
(c) Incorporating women in development activities
(d) None of these
5) Geronotology is the study of:
(a) Human Beings
(b) Special Groups
(c) Aged and Aging
(d) All of these
6) The most pervasive of the social processes are:
(a) Cooperation
(b) Over Conflict
(c) Competition
(d) None of these
7) Abstract Sentiments are:
(a) Closer to the center of the self than moral rules
(b) Provide a focus for allegiance
(c) Are compellers of action
(d) None of these
8) The creative potential of personality is accounted for by:
(a) Stimulus-response psychology
(b) Drive psychology
(c) Trait psychology
(d) None of these

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9) The country with better record for gathering population statistics then any other is:
(a) Japan
(b) Sweden
(c) USA
(d) None of these
10) The exception to the typical application of endogamy is:
(a) Tribe
(b) Kinship
(c) Race
(d) None of these
11) Stratified samples fall under:
(a) Probability sampling design
(b) Non-Probability sampling design
(c) Multi-stage sampling design
(d) None of these
12) Egoistic, the special type of suicide presented by Emile Durkheim spring from:
(a) Excessive regulation
(b) Excessive individualism
(c) Over migration with group
(d) None of these
13) A close connection between religion and economic forces was presented by:
(a) Max Weber
(b) Karl Max
(c) Emile Durkheim
(d) C. Wright Mill
(e) None of these
14) A large kinship group whose members inhabit one geographic area and believe they are descendent from a common area is known as:
(a) Clan
(b) Tribe
(c) Kin group
(d) Class
(e) None of these
15) A social condition in which values are conflicting, weak or absent is:
(a) Assimilation
(b) Hawthrone effect
(c) Invasion
(d) Anomie
16) In theoretical field social research aims at:
(a) finding problems of human being
(b) identifying delinquent behaviour
(c) reducing social conflict
(d) None of these
17) Survey Means:
(a) Overlooking
(b) Organizing social data
(c) Observation
(d) None of these

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18) Independent variables are:
(a) Experimental Groups
(b) Study of social investigation
(c) Study of social life
(d) None of these
19) Qualitative Data Means:
(a) Expressed in number
(b) Expressed in words
(c) Both of these
(d) None of these
20) A Likert scale emphasizes:
(a) Reproducibility
(b) Uni-dimensinality
(c) None of these

Year 2009
Q.1 select the best option/answere and fill in the appropriate box on the answere sheet.
1) Ferdinand Tonnies used the term --------------. To refer to societies dominated by impersonal relationships, individual accomplishment and self-interests.
(a) Society (b) Gesellschaft
(c) Community (d) Gemeinschaft
2) When the researcher asks the respondent face to face questions, this method is called
(a) Interview Schedule (b) Questionnaire
(C) Observation (d) interview guide
3) ----------- Is the process by which people learn all patterns of social life.
(a) Interaction (b) Communication
(c) Socialization (d) Dissemination
4) According to ------- all societies across the world are stratified.
(a) Anthropologists (b) Sociologists
(C) Economists (d) Political Scientists
5) Biological characteristics distinguishing male from female is called -----(a) Heterosexuality (b) Gender
(c) Sex (d) Homosexuality
6) A family consisting of step relations is called :
(a) Plural family (b) Joint family
(C) Extended family (d) Compound family
7) Power that people consider legitimate is known as
(a) Force (b) Right
(C) Authority (d) Privilege
8) Mugging, rape and burglary are examples of ------- crimes.
(a) Organized crimes (b) general crimes
(c) Street crimes d) Modern crimes

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9) A norm is always enforced by sanctions.
(a) True (b) False
10) Society is the largest and most complex group that sociologists study.
(a) True (b) False
11) Endogamy is the marriage among certain relatives.
(a) True (b) False
12) Social structure of a society is the network of ------------(a) Institutional Relations (b) Value system
(c) Traditions (d) Compliance to norms
13) Polygamy means -----------------(a) Several Husbands (b) Several Wives
(C) Several Marriages (d) Single Marriage
14) Demography means -------------:
(a) Male Population (b) Human Population
(c) Women population (d) Adult Population
15) ------------ is striving for equal treatment of women and men and for abolishing inequality.:
(a) Feminism (b) Gender Studies
(C) Political Science (d) Law
16) WID approach believes in:
a) Gender mainstreaming b) Gender Segregation
c) Incorporating women in development activities d) None of these
17) Is Pakistan a signatory of CEDAW?
(a) Yes (b) No
18) Human Rights pertain to caring for the rights of;
a) Women b) Men
c) Minorities d) All of these.
19) Symbolic behavior of a person means -----------a) Meaningful behavior b) Covert behavior
c) Overt behavior d) Significant behavior
20) Gerontology is the study of --------------a) Human beings b) Special groups
c) Aged and aging d) all of these

Year 2008
Q.1. Select the best option/answer and fill in the appropriate box on the Answer Sheet. (20)
i)Human and animal societies share all but one of the following characteristics:
a.Population and common territory
b.Shared beliefs and collective destiny
c.Both sexes and all ages
d.None of these

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ii)The essential function of punishment in society is:
a.Reform
b.Revenge
c.Affirmation of moral standards
d.None of these iii)The most pervasive of the social processes are:
a.Cooperation
b.Overt Conflict
c.Competition
d.None of these iv)One of the following is alien to the concept of culture:
a.Religious ritual
b.Changelessness
c.Idealized ways of thinking and doing
d.None of these
v)A human being deprived of all communication with other humans from birth would lack all but one of the followings:
a.Rudimentary personality
b.Self
c.Language
d.None of these vi)Abstract sentiments are :
a.Closer to center of self than moral rules
b.Provide a focus for allegiance
c.Are compellers of action
d.None of these vii)A person is conciously motivated primarily by his:
a.Social values
b.Real traits
c.Picture of himself
d.None of these viii)Role confusion in modern society is engendered by all but one of the following:
a.Broadening of role specification
b.Plurality of moralities
c.increase in number of achievable positions
d.None of these ix)The creative potential of personality is accounted for by:
a.Stimulus- response psychology
b.Drive psychology
c.Trait psychology
d.None of these
x)Once formed the self is:
a.Interactive
b.Proactive
c.Rigid
d.None of these

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xi)In modern society, cultural change is most likely to be the by product of:
a.Planning
b.Diffusion
c.Social struggle
d.None of these xii)The country with better record for gathering population statistics than any other is:
a.Japan
b.Sweden
c.USA
d.None of these xiii)The population of the world is expected to double in the next :
a.35 years
b.75 years
c.100 years
d.None of these xiv)In 2014, the estimated world population would reach
a.3.7 billion
b.6.0 billion
c.9.0 billion
d.None of these xv)Economic growth will keep pace with population growth only if there is :
a.Available acreage
b.Improved technology
c.Motivation to achieve
d.None of these xvi)The price paid for increased mobility includes a decrease in :
a.Conformity
b.Loyalty to superior
c.Personal responsibility
d.None of these xvii)The trend toward urbanization is most advanced in :
a.America
b.England
c.Japan
d.None of these xviii)In a highly intra-competitive situation, individual can guarantee the trust of peers by :
a.Self modesty
b.Genuine goodwill
c.Withholding praise of superior
d.None of these xix)The item alien to the concept of mass is :
a.Vastness
b.Anonymity
c.Responsibility
d.None of these

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xx)The exception to the typical application of endogamy is :
a.Tribe
b.Kinship
c.Race
d.None of these

Year 2007
Q.8. Write only the correct answer in the Answer Book. Do not reproduce the question.
(1) Etnocentricism means:
(a) Evaluating other cultures with the Yardstick of your own values.
(b)Taking other nations as good as your own one but disowned
(c)No other society is like your's and your society or group is superior to others. (d) None of these.
(2) Social facts have thier independent existence and must be studied likewise. Who remarked above when discussing scientific method:
(a)Ibn-i-Khaldun (b)Emile Durkhiem
(c)Auguste Comte (d) None of These
(3) An exploratory research design the major focus is on:
(a) Experimentation (b) Hypothesetesting
(c) Profile development and description (d) None of these
(4) Diffusion of innovations among cultures means:
(a) Traveling of traits and patterns in space/territory
(b) Transmission of trait complexes in time.
(c) Both(a) and (b)
(d) None of these
(5) Social institutions are ;
(a) God-given and cannot be changed
(b) Buildings and people who operate there
(c) Consultellation of folkways and moresaround some important functions(s) of society.
(d) None of these.
(6)A counter culture:
(a) Has to be against the existing cultural ethos/values
(b) May not be against the existing cultural ethos/values
(c) If different from the existing culture may never succeed to survive
(d) None of these.
(7) Family Laws Ordinance was passed for the first time in:
(a) 1961 (b) 1973
(c) 1985 (d) None of these.
(8) Demographic Transition exhibits:
(a) High birth rate and low death rate in its first phase
(b) high death rate and low birth rate in its first phase.
(c) High birth rate and high death rate in its first phase.
(d) None of these.

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(9) As a conquence of rural urban migration:
(a) more and more urbanization is takling place successfully
(b) ruralization of urban areas is takling place
(c) ruralization of urban areas and ribbon growth seem to be the result
(d) None of these
(10) In a patriarchal family the major decision are taken by the:
(a)Old men and women
(b)The male or female head of the family
(c)The male head of the family who weilds all powers
(d)None of these.
(11) Sociobiologists believe that:
(a) biology being the major constraints does not allow any change in human nature hence socialization does not change much of human individual nature.(b) Individaul is the product of social group within which he is socialized
(c)The-nature controversy has ended in favour of nurture and the bio-sociologists have failed to promote thier thesis.
(d) None of these
(12)A double-barrelle question has the potential of having:
(a) Two acceptable responses/answers
(b)Two answers but incompatible with each other
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these .
(13) Those who cannot compete have no right for higher learning and must be refused accordingly who believed in the above thesis?
(a) Auguste comte (b)Spencer
(c) Karl max (d) None of these
(14) Whose theorizing social change is depicted/comes closer to Iqbal's verse
"AA tujh ko bataon main taqdeer umam kia hai shamsher w sanna awwal taoos w rabab aakhir"
(a) Karl- Marx
(b) Ibn-i-Khaldun
(c)George Hegel
(d) None of these.
(15) The lowest density of population per square kilometer is found in:
(a) Sindh (b) N.W.F.P
(c)Baluchistan (d) None of these
(16) Alteration is the state of affairs in which:
(a) the society has no norms and if there are any nobody follows the
(b) the individual has no claim over the product that he has finished
(c) the worker is least emotionally related to the product that he develops, the co-workers and the work emviorment. (17) The rate of return for a mailed questionaire is usually:
(a) very high (b) very low
(c) it can be both (a) and(b) (d) None of these

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(18) According to Emile Durkhiem the Mechanical Solidarity is based on:
(a) blood relations and neighbourhood
(b) division of labour and specialization
(c) The contribution individuals make to each other
(d) None of these
(19) Cultural Shock is caused by:
(a) Playing is different role and getting role strain
(b) finding values, norms and customs against ones cultural socialization usually opposite to what one has been socilizad in and they turn out to be dysfunctional.
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
(20) Standard deviation in statistics is the measure that indicates in essence the :
(a) Central tendency
(b) Spread of the sample means/values
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these

Year 2006
Write only the correct answer in the Answer Book. Do not reproduce the question.
(1) Any method of data collection that directly removes the researcher from research site
(a) Erosion measure (b) Accretion measure
(c) Unobtrusive measure (d) None ofthese
2. Commonly used measure of variability whose size indicates the dispersion of a distribution is: .
(a) Standard deviation
(c) Standard score
(b) Co-efficient of variation
(d) Variance
3. In sample selection a threat that occurs when individuals have been assigned to the experimental group on the basis of their extreme score on dependent variable is referred.as:
(a) Experimental mortality (b) Regression artifact (c) Maturation (d) None of these
4. An overall scheme of scientific activities in which scientists engage in order to produce knowledge is a:
(a) Research process (b) Research model
(c) Research methodology (d) Research design
5. When there is an inherent causal link between dependent and independent variables, the relationship is:
(a) Non-spurious
( b) significant relationship
(c) Spurious (d) None of these
6. Questions that are relevant to some respondents, may be irrelevant to others are known as:
(a) Double barreled questions (b) Leading questions
(c) Contingency questions (d) Matrix questions

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7. Stratified sample falls under:
(a) Probability sampling design (b)Non probability sampling
(c) Multi-stage sample design (d) None of these
8)Egoistic, the special type of stucide presented by Emile Durkheim, springing from:
(a) Excessive irregulation (b) Excessive individualism
(c) over integration with group (d) None of these
9)To Simmel, a mean of maintaining or increasing integration within groups is:
(a) Co-operation (b) Competition
(c) Coercion (d) Conflict
10)Sociology is introduced as an academic discipline by:
(a) Ibn-e-Khaldun (b) Auguste Conte (c) George Simmel (d) Herbert Spencer
11)Society as a complex organization of parts that functions to fulfill the requirement a..'1d promote the needs of the whole, is a concept of:
(a) Structural Functionalism (b) Interaction School of thought
(c) Phenomology (d) None of these
12)The concepts of "Protestant" and "Bourgeoise" were presented by:
(a) Talcat parson (b) Karl Marx
(c) Max Weber (d) Emile Durkheim
13)In "The Division of Labor in Society", Emile Durkheim presented the idea of:
(a) Mechanical & organic solidarity (b) Social & psychologica! solidarity
(c) Physical & social solidarity (dJ Psychological & mechanica.: solidarIty
(e) None of these
14)A large kinship group whose members inhibit one geographical area and believe the: are descendent from a common ancestor is known as:
(a) clan (b) Tribe
(d) Class (e) None of these
(c) Kin group
15)The process by which cultural traits spread from one group or society to another is called:
(a) Folkways
(b) Cultural diffusion
(c) Counter culture
(d) Cultural complexes
(e) None of these
16) The phenomena when educated and highly skilled people emigrate to a new country, their home country loses, is referred as:
(a) Chain migration (b) Life-time migration (c) Brain Drain
(d) Mover (e) None of these
17) A social condition in which values are conflicting, weak or absent is called:
(a) Assimilation (b) Hawthrne effect (c) invasion
(d) Anomie (e.) None of these
18)The psychological stress caused when a person faces rapid cultura: change is called~
(a) Cultural shock (h) R~ ~ -c- n_"- ~.

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Year 2004
Write only the correct answer in the Answer Book. Do not reproduce the question.
(1) Man is a social animal, who said:
(a) Aristotle (b) Ibn-i-Khaldun (e) Max Weber (d) AI-Ghazali (e) None of these
(2) Who has written the book "Das KapitaP".
(a) Lewis Morgan (b) Max Weber (c) Karl Marx (d) August Comte (e) None of these
(3) Who mainly presented the idea of Social Conflict?
(a) Herbert Spencer(b) Emile Durkheim (c) Karl Marx (d) Talcott Parsons (e) None of these
(4) Who advocated the philosophical approach called idealism for understanding society: (a) August Comte (b) Max
Weber (c) George Simmel (d) Robert Park (e) None of these
(5) Who is really the founder of Sociology?
(a) Amam Ghazali (b) Ibh-i-Khaldun (c) Parsons (d) Wright Mills (e) None of these
(6) In the division of labour in the society which one of two types of solidarity identified by Durkheim:
(a) Mechanical and Organic Solidarity
(b) Mechanical and Physical Solidarity
(c) Physical and Spiritual Solidarity
(d) Physical and Organic Solidarity
(e) None of these
(7) Who mainly advocated that "the economic structure of the society is the real foundation of the society":
(a) Karl Marx (b) Charlus Coaley (c) Robert Merton (d) August Comte (e) None of these
(8) Which one is first step of knowledge:
(a) Theory (b) Law (c) Assumption (d) Intuitive (e) None of these
(9) Concept of Co-variation means:
(a) When two variables vary together
(b) Remain Unchanged
(c) One variable changes, other remains unchanged
(d) None of these
(10) Age is a:
(a) Nominal variable (b) Ordinal variable (c) Interval (d) Ratio (e) None of these
(11) Stratified Random Sampling technique is a:
(a) Probability Sampling technique (b) Non-probability (c) None of these
(12) Polyandry means:
(a) A form of marriage that joins one female with more than one male.
(b) A form of marriage that joins one female with one male.
(c) A form of marriage that joins more than one female with one male
(d) None of these
(13) Which one is a basic institution for socialization of children:
(a) School (b) Religion (c) Family (d) Community (e) None of these
(14) Population change is mainly based on:
(a) Fertility and Mortality (b) Fertility and migration (c) Mortality and migration (d) Fertility, Mortality and migration
(e) None of these

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(15) The infant mortality level in Pakistan is around:
(a) 10 (b) 25 (c) 60 (d) 160 (e) None of these
(16) Demography is a scientific study of human population with respect to:
(a) Size of population (b) Structure of population (c) Composition of population
(d) Size, structure and composition of population (e) None of these
(17) Dispersion and Variation can be examined through calculating:
(a) Mean (b) Standard deviation (c) Correlation Co-efficient (d) Regression Co-efficient (e) None of these
(18) How many people in Pakistan are living below .poverty line, around:
(a) 10 percent (b) . 20 percent (c) 32 percent (d) 58 percent (e) None of these 4
(19) Norms and values are components of:
(a) Society (b) Religion

Year 2003
Write only the correct answer in the Answer Book. Do not reproduce the question.
(1) The term society in sociology is used to refer to:
(a) The person living in an area
(b) The persons professing the same religion.
(c) The system of social relationship
(d) The organized relations between individuals
(e) None of the these.
(
2) Herbert Spencer classified the society into:
(a) Four classes (b) Eight classes (c) Two classes (d) Three classes (e) None of these.
(3) 'The bourgeoisie type of society was compounded by:
(a) Max Weber (b) Karl Marx (c) Hegel (d) T.H. Green (e) None of these.
(4) Language is important to society because:
(a) It makes social contracts easy.
(b) It raised man from a savage to a noble being
(c) It is an invention of society
(d) It easily satisfies man's need of expression (e> None of these. .
(5) Socialization is a process involving:
(a) Setting up the social norms
(b) Gradual changing of an organism
(c) Declaring everything as belonging to society
(d) Training to adapt id society
(e) None of these.
(6) According to Hegel assimilation is:
(a) a person not a result
(b) a person as well a result
(c) a result and not a process
(d) All of these.
(e) None of these.
(7) *An association is characterized by:
(a) Norms (b) Customs (c) Folk ways (d) Usage (e) None of these.

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(8) 'The research process occurs:
(a) Sometime quickly, sometimes slowly
(b)^ With a very high degree of familiarization and rigour
(c) Always through the interaction. of several scientists
(d) Only irf the scientist's imagination
(e) None of these.
(9) Operational definitions:
(a) Are composed of primitive and derived terms
(b) Represent concepts that can be directly observed
(c) Are sets of procedures that describe measurement activities
(d) Specify the meaning of concepts through obstensive definitions
(e) None of these.
(10) If we-develop a system that describe a cily}s. traffic flow by setting up a simulated road network, traffic signals and vehicles, we have constructed a/an: .
(a) Axiomatic theory (b) Model (c) Ad-hoc classificatory system (cl) Taxonomy (e) None of these.
(11) In principle, the age of a person is a:
(a) Control variable (b) continuous variable (c) discrete variable (d) spurious variable (e) None of these.
(12) If a change in X produces a change in Y then:
(a) X is not casually related to Y
(b) X and Y do not ovary /
(c) X 'could he cause of Y
(d) Y is a cause of X (c) None of these.
(13) What is the lowest Level of measurement in which numbers or symbols are used to classify objects:
(a) Nominal (b) Ordinal (c) Internal (d) Ratio (e) None of these.
(14) Population of Pakistan is around:
(a) 150 million (b) 140 million (c) 160 million (d) 130 million (e) None of these.
(15) Population of Pakistan has been increasing at the rate of:
(a) 3 percent (b) 2.1 percent (c) 1.5 per cent (d) 2.6 percent (e) None of these.
(16) Average life of a Pakistani woman is:
(a) Equal to men (b) Shorter than man
(c) Longer than man
(d) None of these.
(17) Status may be:
(a) ascribed
(b) achieved
(c) Both ascribed and achieved
(d) None of these,
(18) An achieved status is: i
(a) shared by caste-minded people
(b) inherited from parents
(c) derived from abilities and skills
(d) dependent upon biological condition
(e) None of these.

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(19) Role conflict -in society emerges out of the fact that:
(a) Performers do not know the nature of Vole performed «
(b) There is lack of balance in the system of the role performed
(c) They do not observe the desired standards, (d) They do not get adequate award -for the roleperformed, . . (d) Nonen of these.
(20). "Bourgeoisie is a.term used by:
(a) 'Aristotle (b) Karl MarX
(c) Max Weber (d) Maclur
(d) None of these
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In 1998 census,what was literacy rate of Pakistan?_________45%
When material culture advances faster than the non material culture,it is called?____Cultural lag
Population welfare program was implemented in?_____1981
Population density means?_____population per square mile
Population density of Balochistan Province?______18 person
Lynching is an example of?____collective behaviour
The "herd mentality" was the idea of?____Charles Mackay
Richard Berk coined the term?_____minimax strategy
The development of new norms to cope with a new situation is?____emergent norms
A temporary pattern of behaviour that catches people's attention is a?___Fad
Social movements that seek to change people totally are______Redemptive social movements
Max Weber identified as the core reason for the development of capitalism_____Religion
Three processes of cultural innovation were identified by_____William Ogburn
The adaption of natural items for human use is_____Primitive technology
According to Karl Marx,the change over to the factory system produced____Alienation
Cyclical theories were developed by______Arnold Toynbee
Failure to fuction normally, and even fleeing is the result of____Panic
Sociologists refer to unfounded information spread among people as____Rumor
Social change is a process of struggle between social classes over control of the forces of production.This view is found in____Marx
Collective behaviour requires a background of______Social unrest
Microsociology____places the focus on social interaction.
Macrosociology____is the study of social class and how groups are related to one another.
According to_______theorists,the basic motivation in human behaviour is seeking pleasure and avoiding pain____Exchange Social interaction is the name of?_____social process
Sociology is the study of social action,said by_____Max Weber
The term dyad was coined by____Emile Durkheim
The term primary group was coined by____Charles H.Cooley

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