Ethics and Corporate Responsibility in the Workplace and the World
Jennifer McDonald
Legal 500
Professor KARINA ARZUMANOVA
February 22, 2015 In ethical analysis, a stakeholder is a person or group whose interests will be impacted by actions or decisions by an organization (Halbert & Ingulli, 2012). Stakeholders include people who could influence project decisions. They also include people whose interests are critical to project success. Typically, project stakeholders include team members, sponsors, senior management, customers, government agencies and competitors. The interest, influence and importance of various stakeholders in a project could vary. Stakeholders are classified based on the following characteristics (Panjabikesan, 2009):
a. Interest
b. Involvement
c. Affect
d. Position relative to the organization
e. Level in the organization.
The classification of stakeholders in various categories helps to get a better understanding in terms of how they are associated with the project. Based on the characteristics, stakeholders could also be classified into five categories as follows:
1. Supports or Opponents – Supporters would be in favor of the project and opponents would have a negative interest in the project
2. Primary or Secondary – Primary are those whose interests are critical to the success of the project and are ultimately affected by the project (Typically, customers and end users fall into this category. However, Project Sponsors, Project Managers, Senior Management and Team Members may also fall into this category.) and secondary stakeholders play an intermediary role or help complete the project (Typically, Administrative Staff, Financial or Legal Consultants fall into this category.)
3. Internal or external - Stakeholders are classified as Internal or External depending on position relative to the organization. Internal
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