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Eutrophication

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Eutrophication
Eutrophication 2-1

2. EUTROPHICATION

This chapter should be read by anyone wanting a brief summary of the causes, the impacts and the management of eutrophication. CHAPTER CONTENTS
2.1
2.2

2.3

2.4

INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3
CAUSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
2.2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4
2.2.2 Trophic status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5
IMPACTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
2.3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6
2.3.2 Ecological impacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8
2.3.3 Aesthetic impacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
2.3.4 Human health impacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9
2.3.5 Recreational impacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
2.3.6 Economic impacts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10
MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-10

National Eutrophication Monitoring Programme Design

2-2 Eutrophication

National Eutrophication Monitoring Programme Design

Eutrophication 2-3
2.1

INTRODUCTION

The word ‘eutrophic’ comes from the Greek word eutrophos meaning well-fed. A variety of definitions of ‘eutrophication’ exist in the literature, some differing fundamentally from others. One difference is in respect of whether eutrophication is only the process of nutrient enrichment or whether it should include the problems

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