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Evolución de Los Sistemas de Producción: Una Visión Histórica En La Industria Del Automóvil

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Evolución de Los Sistemas de Producción: Una Visión Histórica En La Industria Del Automóvil
MBA Corporativo PwC

AÑO ACADEMICO: 2005-2006

COMPETIR DESDE OPERACIONES

EVOLUCIÓN DE LOS SISTEMAS DE PRODUCCIÓN: UNA
VISIÓN HISTÓRICA EN LA INDUSTRIA DEL AUTOMÓVIL

ALUMNO: Antonio Pina Gil

Tabla de contenidos

1. Introducción 3
2. La era de la producción artesana 7
3. El "fordismo" 12
3.1. Del taller a la cadena de montaje 12
3.2. Las consecuencias en la mano de obra 14
3.3. La "mano visible" del "fordismo": la integración vertical 17
3.4. La innovación tecnológica: nuevas herramientas 18
3.5. El producto estandarizado 20
3.6. Los límites del "fordismo": Rouge 21
4. La madurez de la producción en masa 24
4.1. El modelo de General Motors 24
4.2. Efectos en la mano de obra 26
4.3. La difusión de la producción en masa 27
5. El "toyotismo" 30
5.1. La industria japonesa antes del "toyotismo" 30
5.2. Nacimiento del "toyotismo" 32
5.3. La compañía en cuanto comunidad 34
5.4. Nacimiento de los "kaizen" o "círculos de calidad" 36
5.5. El camino hacia la "calidad total" 37
5.6. La cadena de suministro y el "just-in-time" 39
5.7. Ajuste a los cambios de la demanda 44
5.8. "Lean production" y marketing 45
5.9. La expansión de la "lean production" 47
Bibliografía y otras fuentes 49

1. Introducción

¿Cómo abordar de forma conjunta los distintos sistemas de producción (taller, lotes, cadena de montaje) a lo largo del ciclo de vida de un producto?

¿Y si además somos tan ambiciosos como para explicar el origen y evolución de las técnicas de producción manufacturera modernas (división del trabajo, cadena de montaje, "lean manufacturing"?

Pues la respuesta la podemos encontrar en las próximas páginas, en las que proponemos un apasionante viaje incompleto por la historia de la evolución de la industria automovilística.

Un viaje que se inicia en los talleres artesanos de Panhard et Levassor en Paris, donde un acaudalado lord inglés solicita la fabricación de un modelo exclusivo, el primer automóvil que circularía

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