References: Cyr, R. 2002. Overview, Life and Natural Selection. In, Biology 110: Basic concepts and biodiverity course website. Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University. http://www.bio.psu.edu/…
Natural Selection is the environments’ favoring of a particular trait in a population. Organisms use many different methods to adapt to their environments. In this experiment one must use brine shrimp and salt water solutions to represent organisms and their environments. Some organisms like the brine shrimp adapt to changes in their environments. Brine shrimp eggs produce cysts when their environmental conditions aren’t being cooperative. Brine shrimp eggs grow hard and brown when their environment does not have enough oxygen to support them. This also happens when there is too much salt content in their environment. When the eggs become hard and brown, they can be kept for long periods of time in a dry, oxygen- free environment. When the cyst is returned to its normal environment, it continues on with its development and eventually hatches. Brine shrimp are the perfect organisms to do experiments on because they only require a short time for development. The person conducting the experiment must use 5 beakers, each with different amounts of salt in them. The point of the experiment is to see how the brine shrimp eggs respond in each dish of salt concentrate. Once the salt and water have been combined, one must place approximately twenty brine shrimp on a microscope slide. After twenty four hours, some of the brine shrimp eggs should have hatched while some have partially hatched or not hatched yet. This must be done at the twenty four hour mark and the forty eight hour mark. The data should be written down on the chart given in the experiment papers. The hatching viability must be found by adding the number of hatched eggs at twenty four hours and the hatched eggs at forty eight hours and dividing it by the initial amount of eggs placed in the petri dish.…
Take the ants for example, and how their queen ant is more of an equal to the rest of the ant colony then what was more populary thought before. The worker ants are special in the sense that “their genes instruct them to protect their mother the same way their genes instruct them to forage for food. In other words, the matriarch doesn’t train her servants to protect her, evolution does” (Johnson 194). Basically, collective knowledge is at work here, for the ants may have evolved to protect their…
D) Even a slight reproductive advantage will eventually lead to the elimination of inferior species.…
When an extinction event leaves two organisms of a whole species, the genetic pool is extremely limited. Between those two organisms, it is improbable that they hold all genetic variations for the species’ genome. Within this limited pool, any overlap or similar genes shared between the one male and one female will also have an effect on the new population. Another effect of a population bottleneck is small sample…
In “Mega Marketing of Depression,” Ethan Watters talks about how culture of depression was evolved in Japan. Steven Johnson in “The Myth of the Ant Queen” talks about the pattern which were used to develop organized complexity. In “The Power of the Context,” Malcolm Gladwell talks about the circumstances which were responsible in changing individual’s behavior. Although, all of these essays are related to each other, culture or community doesn’t determine individual behavior rather individuals determine the culture.…
This led to greater reproductive success in ancestral populations have been favored by natural selection and represent adaptations.…
An observation investigation into whether or not dominance hierarchies exist in a troop of Captive Squirrel monkeys…
Hypothesis: If I have a pink/yellow environment then the pink/yellow organisms will tend to survive.…
punctuated equilibrium A concept that suggests that the tempo of evolution is more sporadic than…
In today’s modern culture, many men and women suffer from a variety of psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety and anorexia. Many of these psychological disorders can be prevented if society did not have preset standards for us to follow. For example, our society from an early age tells us that all women have to have a slim waist and be curvy. The controversial issues amongst women and their outward appearance can be found in “The Ugly Truth About Beauty” by Dave Barry as well as “The Pitfalls of Plastic surgery” Camille Paglia. In these two essays both writers put an emphasis on how the media often demoralize women by having preset standards of beauty, that threaten the female identity.…
Phonotaxis, moving in response to a sound, toward the male making the calling sound is the first step in mate selection for female crickets, which further shows their importance in the process of sexual selection for female crickets. (Hirtenlehner & Römer, 2014). These calling songs are specific to male crickets of different species and differ in frequency, pulse and chirp pattern. Different preference profiles exist for each species of cricket based on these three characteristics and others like rate duration, pausing and cycling and this allows the female crickets to differentiate between their own species and others (Hennig, Blankers, & Gray, 2016). Speciation is process in which organisms become reproductively isolated and thus form different species. Differences in sexual selection are one of the factors that contribute to this isolation and thus differences in male phenotype related to sexual selection are expected between different…
Lab #2 focused on the predator prey concept. Charles Darwin’s concept of survival of the fittest is what was tested in this experiment. Darwin’s concept of survival of the fittest states that the animals that are able to adapt to their environment the best are the ones who will survive and pass on those adaptations to their children. Animals adapt for many different reasons some of them might be to help defend against a predator, to be able to retrieve food more efficiently, or just to help them live in a harsher environment. The animals that are able to adapt to their situation the best are the ones that will be able to live on and reproduce the ones that are unable to will die off. In order to test this theory we used 100 paper chips ten of ten different colors and two different pieces of cloth to simulate an environment. We put the chips on the pieces of fabric and then turned around so we were not facing the fabric so when we turned to face it we could pick the first one we saw and then turn back around. We did this three times for each fabric.…
Over long periods of time, newer and better adapted species gradually replace older ones, which become extinct. All species are modified, creating increasingly complex and developed organisms that form new species which are connect to their ancestors through intermediate species. Darwin cannot fully explain what unfavorable conditions cause species to go extinct, but this extinction is definitely a result of the struggle for existence, as well as a necessary part of natural selection. The fiercest competition is usually between similar species, resulting in the eventual extinction of one of them, after which it is improbable that another similar species would come into existence. Darwin also argues that although natural selection does not act on ecosystems, it is possible for species around the world to change at the same time. “Parallel succession” is supported by geological evidence of similar fossils of the same period found in similar limestone formations in different places. However, later changes in these species’ behavior or environment can lead to further natural selection and formation of new species. Changes in one species can also affect changes in another. Natural selection often results in families of species that have been formed from a single parent species over time, the relationship of which can be determined through fossil records. Related…
The Anthropology: The Human Challenge defines race as “the taxonomic category of a subspecies that is not applicable to humans because the division of humans into discrete types does not represent the true nature of human biological variation. In some societies race is an important social category.” (Haviland, Prins, Walrath, McBride, 2014). Although the biological race concept does not pertain to human disparities, race remains a significant cultural and social issue.…