Examples Of Institutional Discrimination

According to (Shapiro, 2004) “Once about 20 percent of the homeowners in a neighborhood are black, in two years, the entire neighborhoods will be black. This phenomenon occurs because of tactics like blockbusting, a method where real estate agents survey white homeowners in an area. After persuading them that the neighborhood is about to be infiltrated by a minority community the homeowners will leave the area. This is called white flight. Institutionalized discrimination exists within the actual housing system, including redlining and mortgage discrimination” (Shapiro, 2004). Institutional bias is an unfair and prejudiced ill- treatment of certain people or certain groups of people by society. Institutional bias is one of the main reasons
that American show so much division it is mainly because of race, religion and politics. “Members of minority groups such as populations of African descent in the U.S. or members of the LGBT community, are at a much higher risk of encountering these types of sociostructurally disadvantage” (Shapiro, Meschede, & Osoro, The Roots of the Widening Racial Wealth Gap:, 2013). The impacts of institutional bias have been around for many years they are almost limitless. In a very naive manner to say that we could easily say that we could end discrimination, stereotypes and prejudices towards social groups but we honestly know that it would not work because of the way the society is set up.

“Discrimination is the unequal treatment, whether intentional or unintentional, of individuals or groups on the basis of group membership that is unrelated to merit, ability, or past performance” (Jackson, 2015) The two most pervasive types of discrimination are legal discrimination and institutional discrimination.
Some examples of institutionalized discrimination are the Plessy vs. Ferguson U.S. Supreme court case when the ruling of this case favored the separate but equal act against African Americans. There are also many other examples of that how discrimination amongst certain groups of people currently, Africans Americans they believe they are the race that experiences discrimination the most. According to (Fernandes, 2014), “Studies show considerable light on the roots of African Americans’ disadvantage along stratification-based issues such as the rates and magnitude of Intra-generational and intergenerational mobility” (Fernandes, 2014). There are many different way that have been in set in place by certain groups of people to keep every in a segregated state. There is also an motive behind institutional bias some people believe that they should just keep the different types of people because everyone is not open to their way of handling
things.

The cultural impact is one of the most common when it comes to institutional discrimition because there are some many different beliefs and cultures when it comes to different culture every is not embracing of the different approach that everyone takes.
One of the best examples is when most Americans see someone from another culture wearing a turban they began to compare them to the Muslim beliefs and the people who were responsible for 9/11. There are also stereotypes against the people are fully blooded African descent they believe that there ways and approach can be aggressive at times. The workplace is the most common and apparent places to witness institutional bias in a workplace. Sharing a personal experience from dealing with institutional bias at my work place, while in college I worked at a small restaurant that was somewhat middle class, well when African Americans or college students would come in the establishment would be the only times I could wait tables. Even though I did not agree with their marketing tactics I had a somewhat understand how they were trying to attract customers to come into their store. The marketing point was to attract African Americans and college students. This allowed me to see the different ways that institutional bias work and how it exist in the many different ways and people still them very often in different ways depending on the results they would like to
see.

Most discrimination comes from just your human nature, but when it becomes systematic is when it is a problem because it locks many people out of very important things such as health care and it allows certain groups of people to be locked out of all opportunities. There is a lower class of specific people who do access to great health care and that happens people lack insurance. “Reports of insurance-based discrimination were higher among uninsured (25%) and publicly insured (21%) adults than among privately insured adults (3%), which held in the regression analysis. Those reporting discrimination had higher odds of lacking a usual source of care, lacking confidence in getting care, forgoing care because of cost, and experiencing provider-level barriers than those who did not” (Han, 2015) When it comes to health care here in America there are many groups of who feel discriminated against. This is one example of how institutional biases exist in in health care. There is a research article that showed many examples here is an great example. “For years, "separate but equal" conditions existed. As a nursing student in the mid-1970s I was deeply disturbed by the socioeconomic segregation that occurred on the obstetrical units of an inner city hospital. Mothers with insurance were placed on a unit with nicely appointed private rooms. The poor, almost all African-American women, were on another unit that had rooms with multiple beds” (Cipriano, 2013). Of all places health care should be one of the most comfortable places to be . ‘Health care has no place for hate, anger, stereotypes, discrimination, or marginalization. As uncomfortable as it may seem, talking about how we treat one another, and how we avoid discrimination, is a crucial step toward eroding historic prejudice” (Cipriano, 2013).