Exp 1

Introduction : Copper(II) sulphate, is a type of salt which it is formed by combining both copper ion and sulphate ion through the experiment of double displacement between dilute sulphuric acid , and copper(II) carbonate , . Through this process, the copper ion will displace the hydrogen ion as it is more electropositive and sulphate ion will displace carbonate ion as it is more electronegative. The resulting copper (II) sulphate solution when cooled can easily crystalize which is in the solid form and the amount of product can be accurately measured by using electronic balance to get the mass of the crystal formed. The experiment is carried out to calculate the percentage yield of the salt formed. The percentage yield is the percentage of purity of the product that we want and the actual yield is always less than the theoretical value as there are many factors to affect the purity of the product such as environmental factor, systematic error, random error and others. Therefore, it is very hard to get a 100% yield throughout the experiment.
Objective:
To make a salt and to calculate the percentage yield of the salt.
Reagents & Apparatus:
20 mL Sulfuric acid 1M, 2g Copper (II) carbonate, Bunsen burner, Tripod stand, Gauze, White tile, Filter funnel and filter paper, Glass rod, Spatula, 100 mL Glass beaker, Conical flask 250 mL, Petri dish, Balance

Procedure:
Stage 1
1 Add 20 mL 1M sulfuric acid in a 100 mL beaker. Heat carefully on the tripod with a blue flame until nearly boiling.
2 When the acid is hot enough, turn off the Bunsen burner and stand the beaker on a white tile.
3 Use a spatula to add small portions of copper (II) carbonate into the beaker. The reaction is exothermic, so be careful when adding the solid. Stir the mixture gently for about half a minute after each addition.
4 When all the copper (II) carbonate has been added, allow the beaker to cool slightly; meanwhile set up