Explain The Difference Between Natural Change And Net Migration

(a) Explain the difference between natural change and net migration
Natural change is the difference between the number of deaths and the number of births in a population, which either shows a natural increase or decrease. Net migration is the difference between the number of immigrants entering the country and the number of emigrants leaving the country.
(b) Suggest two reasons for the increase in life expectancy
One reason is development in medical technology, cures are found for illnesses and diseases which this results to people living longer and the decrease of deaths. Another reason is that people considerate of their well-being, they acknowledge their selves on healthy eating and if they have any queries of their health they could easily gain health services from the NHS.
(c) Suggest two reasons for the fall in the birth rate
One reason is the rise of feminism, women have more legal rights then they had in the 20th century. For example, it is easier to get divorced, they are able to have abortions and most importantly they were introduced to the contraceptive pills. Women now choose to focus on their selves and their careers rather than following the typical image and expectations of being housewives where they are subservient to their husbands. Another reason is economic liability; in today’s society the expectation of children has increased they want the latest technology devices and the best resources. Therefore looking after children has become more expensive than usual.
(d) Examine the reasons for changes in the size and structure of the population of the United Kingdom since the beginning of the 20th Century.
There are many factors which influenced the mass and structure of the country. These factors where developed after the beginning of the 20th Century; some of these factors were made by the country and some were made after having a membership with the EU. There are factors which many have decreased the population size as much as increasing it.
One reason which created a significant decrease in the number of births in the UK was the Feminist movement; new laws were established by the government to create equality between men and women. These laws consisted of creating equal job opportunities for men and women, most businesses were more likely to employ males for skilled jobs(higher wages) rather than women, not only that women were gaining lower wages than men for the doing the same job. The government dismissed the inequality between both sexes whilst job hunting. This influenced women to not follow the traditional idea of being house wives and having children, this encouraged them to be independent and focus on their careers. Also, women were introduced to the contraceptive pills in 1974, this gave them freedom and choice to when they wanted to have a baby. Furthermore, women had the right to have an abortion; this made them more independent and gave them freedom. Today, the average age that women want to start a family is 30, this is a major development compared to the age a female wants to start her family is the 20th century. These factors resulted women to having fewer babies which created a decrease on birth rates throughout the years.
On the other hand, there are major factors which influenced the UK’s population to increase. One factor is the establishment of the NHS (National Health Service) in 1948. The NHS is a free health service for everyone who is living in the country; it has many departments for all types of health support needed such as emergencies, accidents, vaccinations and many more. The development in medical technology has increased the life expectancy of the people currently living in the UK as cures have been found for illnesses and diseases the number of deaths has decreased to a significant amount.
The life expectancy for men is 79 and for women it is 82. These figures support the development on medical technology as people are living for long years. The slight increase in life expectancy of women compared to men is because women are more considerate about their health and there are slightly more women than men in the country .Figures also show that there are slightly more older people than younger people in the country, this supports the development of medical technology as people are expected to live longer .Although some people do say this may be a problem in the future as the majority of older people are retired, the governments money will be spent more on pensions and health services required for elderly people. The argument against this is that there is a big majority of young people moving in the country for better working opportunities, which they will be paying tax to the government and therefore they will be contributing to the money spent on pensions and health services.
Another factor which influenced the increase of life expectancy is the laws which came within the country being a member to the EU (European Union). The EU established health and safety laws which the UK had to follow, a few of these were that restaurants had to be hygienic, seats belts had to be worn at all times and fire exists have to be made at every business and schools. These laws resulted to having a safer environment where there were fewer hazards. One other requirement from the EU was that on the packagings of cigarettes and alcohol there should be information included to explain the risks associated with in them. This resulted people to being informed about what they are taking and the explaining the consequences of what will happen if these warnings are not followed. Citizens become more considerate of their lives and more careful of how they do things.
As new laws are made, there is an increase in immigration in the country. More people from other countries are moving into the UK, the reason being is that there are better living standards in the UK, better work opportunities, better educational opportunities. People who are moving into the country with ethnic backgrounds may have different traditions, such as extended families. This increases the population size in the country as the sizes of the families are growing and the birth rate is increasing. There is a natural increase in the country which means that there are both high death rates and high birth rates in the country. There is an slight increase in emigration in the UK, people who are living in the country are moving to other countries as they may want to live in a country with a different climate or they may want to spend their time with their relatives abroad.
In conclusion, natural change and net migration do play a big role in the structure and size of the population in the UK. There is a natural increase in the country as both birth rates and death rates are high. Net migration is also high in the country as there are both people moving in and out of the country. Although, birth rates and the number of emigrants are slightly fewer in the country.