formation.
formation.
2. Why were the colors different when Crystal “X” was added to Liquid “Y”, but when they were mixed it turned from green to blue?…
The string will provide the surface on which the crystals will grow. As water evaporates from the string, small crystals of sugar will appear on the string. These tiny seed crystals provide starting points for larger crystals. Future growth will…
5. Yes, the size of the crystal has a huge impact on the solubility process. For example the bigger the crystal the more time it would take to dissolve. It would also take more heat, more stirring and more lolvent for the crystal to completely dissolve.…
The central goal of this experiment is to depict the intermolecular forces of four different properties of solubility, evaporation, viscosity, and boiling point.…
Conclusion: In conclusion we found that the more KNO3 you add the shorter amount of time it takes to crystallize. The less amount of KNO3 you have, the longer it takes to crystallize. In the end, my hypothesis was correct because when we added more KNO3 it took less time to crystallize. We had 0 errors in our lab everything went…
Because the sodium ion is positively charged, it attracts the negatively charged portion of the water molecule (the oxygen atom) and repels the positively charged portion of the water molecule (the hydrogen atoms). Because the chloride ion is negatively charged, it attracts the positively charged portion of the water molecule and repels the negatively charged portion.…
The product was crystallised when the solid compound had hot solution dissolve it. Once the solution is set to cool, it can’t hold all the solute molecules any longer causing them to begin to leave the solution and form solid crystals. The chilled solution is then vacuum filtered to isolate the pure crystals by rinsing them with…
Results: The presence of the crystal seeds increased the growth rate and the size of the crystals. The seed crystals acted as an object that would speed up the…
Crystallization is the process of forming solid crystals from a uniform solution. A dissolved substance with a decreased solubility at a lower temperature will…
This is an endothermic process as the stability of the ionic interaction forming the crystal is overcome when its constituent ions are energized into the gas phase. Lattice Energy essentially is a measure of how well the ions pack into a crystal – affected by ion charge, size and distribution.…
This experiment explores how salt and sugar affect the melting rate of ice in water.…
Background: An ionic compound is formed when ions “transfer,” or lose or gain electrons. The ions in an ionic compound are held together by ionic bonds in a lattice shaped structured. They are packed tightly together to maximize the attraction between the ions. When two compounds are mixed together, they form a precipitate. A precipitate is solid that is formed from a chemical reaction. A cation is a positively charged ion and an anion is a negatively charged ion.…
The product was placed in a beaker, and enough aqueous methylated spirit (IMS) was added whilst the mixture was heated to dissolve the product. The mixture was then left to cool and was placed in ice to aid crystallization. The product was vacuum filtrated after a few minutes of standing in ice and the crystals were collected and dried in a vacuum oven at 40 degrees celsius. The mass of the crystals was calculated and the melting point was determined.…
Ionic bonds, as you can probably surmise form from ions. Ions are made when an atom gains an electron to form a negative ion or loses an electron to form a positively charged ion. As an example of an ionic bond let's used the elements Cl and Na. First, we must understand that there is an attraction between them because one is positive and the other negative and that the Cl atom contains seven valence electrons and Na one. So, as the atoms bond the Na loses its valence electron and Cl gains it making its outer shell complete and it more stable. During this reaction light and heat are given off. This shows an exothermic reaction, which is a release of energy. The electrostatic energy between the two holds them together. Ionic bonds are useful because in a liquid state it can conduct electricity. This is possible because it contains ions. That doesn't conduct electricity in the solid state because there is not enough room within the molecule. The substance produced by this bond is table salt. Other salts, such as CaCl (rock salt) are formed in the same way and although they have a different crystalline structure they do possess the same physical properties.…
The ionic bond is formed by the attraction between oppositely charged ions. Ionic bonds are formed between metals and nonmetals. Remember that metal atoms lose one or more valence electrons in order to achieve a stable electron arrangement. When a metal atom loses electrons it forms a positive ion or cation. When nonmetals react they gain one or more electrons to reach a stable electron arrangement. When a nonmetal atom gains one or more electrons it forms a negative ion or anion. The metal cations donate electrons to the nonmetal anions so they stick together in an ionic compound. This means that ionic bonds are formed by the complete transfer of one or more electrons.…