Factors of Career Choice
career choice
Contents
1. Introduction 1.1 Role 1.2 Objective and Subjective Constraints 1.3 Key Theories of Occupational Choice 1.3.1 Developmental Theory 1.3.2 Structural Theory 1.3.3 RIASEC Model
2. Factors of Occupational Choice 2.1 Family and Class 2.2 Neighbourhood and Peer Group 2.3 School and Education 2.4 Race 2.5 Gender 2.5.1 Horizontal and Vertical Segregation 2.5.2 Pay 2.5.3 Hours Worked 2.5.4 Orientations to Work
3. Solution of Constraints and Obstacles to Occupational Choices
4. Conclusion
5. References
1. Introduction
“The occupational choice debate is concerned with the degree of choice individuals have over their eventual occupation.” (Module Handbook) The process of occupational choice is “psychologically based and examines the way in which the individual develops and passes through a series of stages during which the self-concept grows as abilities, aptitudes and interests develop.” (Watson T.J. 2008) This assignment is attempting the factors that may prevent or affect people’s occupational choices and how we can overcome them.
1.1 Role
Role plays an important part in human-being, it can influence a person’s behaviour and decision making. Role may be achieved or ascribed. “The concept of an achieved and ascribed role is important in occupation choice.” (Module Handbook) Stark (2007) states that “An achieved role is a position that a person assumes voluntarily which reflects personal skills, abilities, and effort. An ascribed role is a position assigned to individuals or groups without regard for merit but because of certain traits beyond their control.” (wikipedia) An achieved role can be changed and gained through putting efforts by a person, e.g. educational qualifications. On the other hands, an ascribed role is unchangeable. This role is assigned to you by your parents or family, e.g. height, gender, rich
Contents
1. Introduction 1.1 Role 1.2 Objective and Subjective Constraints 1.3 Key Theories of Occupational Choice 1.3.1 Developmental Theory 1.3.2 Structural Theory 1.3.3 RIASEC Model
2. Factors of Occupational Choice 2.1 Family and Class 2.2 Neighbourhood and Peer Group 2.3 School and Education 2.4 Race 2.5 Gender 2.5.1 Horizontal and Vertical Segregation 2.5.2 Pay 2.5.3 Hours Worked 2.5.4 Orientations to Work
3. Solution of Constraints and Obstacles to Occupational Choices
4. Conclusion
5. References
1. Introduction
“The occupational choice debate is concerned with the degree of choice individuals have over their eventual occupation.” (Module Handbook) The process of occupational choice is “psychologically based and examines the way in which the individual develops and passes through a series of stages during which the self-concept grows as abilities, aptitudes and interests develop.” (Watson T.J. 2008) This assignment is attempting the factors that may prevent or affect people’s occupational choices and how we can overcome them.
1.1 Role
Role plays an important part in human-being, it can influence a person’s behaviour and decision making. Role may be achieved or ascribed. “The concept of an achieved and ascribed role is important in occupation choice.” (Module Handbook) Stark (2007) states that “An achieved role is a position that a person assumes voluntarily which reflects personal skills, abilities, and effort. An ascribed role is a position assigned to individuals or groups without regard for merit but because of certain traits beyond their control.” (wikipedia) An achieved role can be changed and gained through putting efforts by a person, e.g. educational qualifications. On the other hands, an ascribed role is unchangeable. This role is assigned to you by your parents or family, e.g. height, gender, rich
References: Brown D. (2002). “The role of work and cultural values in occupational choice, satisfaction, and success: A theoretical statement”, Journal of Counseling and Development, Vol.80, Issue 1, PP.48-56 Cardoso P Doorewaard H., Hendrickx J. and Verschuren P. (2004). “Work orientations of female returners”, Work, Employment and Society, BSA Publications Ltd, Vol.18(1), PP.7-27 Eccles J.S Jacobs, J.E., Chhin C.S. and Bleeker M.M. (2006). “Enduring Links: Parent’s expectations and their young adult children’s gender-typed occupational choices”, Educational Research and Evaluation, Vol.12, No.4, PP.395-407 Kan M.Y Tien H.L., Wang Y.F. and Liu L.C. (2009). “The Role of Career Barriers in high School Students’ Career Choice Behavior in Taiwan”, The Career Development Quarterly, Vol.57, Issue 3, PP.274-288 Tsukahara, I Watson T.J. (2008). “Sociology, Work and Industry”, Fifth Edition, Routledge Westwood R., Sparrow P White, S. (1968). “The Process of Occupational Choice”, British Journal of Industrial Relations, Vol.6, Issue 2, PP.166-184 Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia, [retrieved on 18 February 2011] “Women and Men in Hong Kong: Key Statistics” (2010), Census and Statistics Department, Hong Kong Government “女性職場仍面對三低”, Ming Pao Newspaper [retrieved on 15 February 2011]