Federal Government

A Federal Governing system is one in which the powers of government are divided between a central government and several local governments. An authority superior to both the central and local governments makes this division of powers on a geographic basis; and that division cannot be changed by either the local or national level acting alone. Both levels of government act directly on the people through their own sets of laws, officials, and agencies.
In federalism, there is a written constitution which formulates this power sharing arrangement between the state and its units. These units, referred to as the provincial or regional governments, have the power to act independently in certain areas of governance. The power is shared between the national and regional or state governments. The local governments have exclusive powers to issue licenses, provide for public health, conduct elections and form local governments, look after the intrastate trade, to mention but a few. This political system is usually adopted to ensure greater safety and autonomy against any internal and external threats.
India is the country of focus in this regard. The federal system of India is governed in terms of the Constitution of India. The country of India is also referred to as the Sovereign, Secular, and Democratic Republic and has a Parliamentary form of government. The nation is basically a Union of 28 states and 7 Union Territories that work according to the Indian Constitution, which was adopted on the 16th of November 1949. In the Federal System of India, the head of the Executive Union is the President of the country. The real political as well as social power, however, resides in the hands of the Prime Minister, who in turn heads the Council of Ministers. According to the Federal System of India, it is clearly stated in the Article 74(1) of the Indian Constitution, that the Prime Minister and his Council of Ministers will advise and help the President. The Council of Members

References: Bakshi; P M (2010). Constitution Of India, 10/e. Universal Law Publishing Company Limited. pp. 48–. ISBN 978-81-7534-840-0. Retrieved 10 May 2012. Oldenburg, Philip (31 August 2010). India, Pakistan, and Democracy: Solving the Puzzle of Divergent Paths. Taylor & Francis. p. 71. ISBN 978-0-415-78018-6. Retrieved 3 May 2012. 6 Russel Lawrence Barsh and Carole Goldberg, "The Legal Significance of U.S. Indian Treaties," in The Native North American Almanac, ed. Duane Champagne, (Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group, 2001), p. 485. 7 Stephen J. Rockwell, Indian Affairs and the Administrative State in the Nineteenth Century (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2010), p. 6. 16 Roger Walke, "Federal Indian Elementary-Secondary Education Programs: Background and Issues," RL34205, Congressional Research Service, January 16, 2008, p. 2. 17 Stephen J. Rockwell, Indian Affairs and the Administrative State in the Nineteenth Century (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2010), p. 151. 18 Stephen J. Rockwell, Indian Affairs and the Administrative State in the Nineteenth Century (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2010), pp. 29, 58, 151, 267, 270, 315. 10 Government Accountability Office, "Indian Issues: Observations on Some Unique Factors that May Affect Economic Activity on Tribal Lands," GAO-11-543T, April 7, 2011, p. 1. 11 Government Accountability Office, "Indian Issues: Observations on Some Unique Factors that May Affect Economic Activity on Tribal Lands," GAO-11-543T, April 7, 2011, pp. 1, 2. 12Budget of the United States Government, Fiscal Year 2012, Analytical Perspectives (Washington: Government Printing Office, February 2011), Tom Hoffman and Gwen-Torges Hoffman, "Bureau of Indian Affairs," in George T