Chapter 6 Deductions: General Concepts and Trade or Business Deductions
SUMMARY OF CHAPTER
Tax deductions are allowed to taxpayers only if specifically authorized by the Internal Revenue Code. Deductions allowable to individual taxpayers fall into four categories: trade or business expenses, expenses incurred for the production of income, losses, and personal expenses. In addition to discussing the general requirements for deductibility for each of the above types of expenses, this chapter also discusses the tax treatment of many commonly encountered expenses incurred by taxpayers, from trade or business expenses such as rent, insurance, interest, taxes, bad debts, etc. to employee business expenses (travel, transportation, etc.) to expenses that can best be categorized as adjustments to gross income (moving expenses, student loan interest, etc.). The chapter also discusses how capital expenditures are allocated across multiple taxable years in the form of depreciation, amortization, depletion, etc.
Categories of Allowable Deductions
¶6001 Classification of Tax Deductions Four categories of tax deductions are allowable to individual taxpayers: (1) trade or business expenses (including the business-related expenses of employees); (2) expenses incurred for the production of income (including expenses incurred for the management, conservation or maintenance of income-producing property, and tax planning and compliance expenses); (3) losses incurred on the sale or disposition of business or investment property, or due to casualty or theft of any property (including personal use property); and (4) personal expenses, most of which are not deductible, but some of which are allowed under specific provisions of the Internal Revenue Code (alimony, health insurance for self-employed taxpayers, certain contributions to HSAs, interest on education loans, qualified tuition and fees, miscellaneous itemized deductions, etc.). ¶6101 Deductions “For” vs. “From” AGI Business and