Ferguson V. Wall Of Education Case Summary
Case: BROWN v. BOARD OF EDUCATION, 347 U.S. 483 (1954)
Facts: The consolidation of five different cases involving the legality of segregation of public schools. In each case representatives for black children petitioned the court to allow admittance of black children into white schools. In four of the five cases the district court ruled in favor of the school board, stating Plessy v. Ferguson. Which found that the rights of the black children were not violated as long as all things were equal.
Issue: Does segregation in public schools violate the Fourteenth Amendment rights of black children?
Holding: (Vote: 9-0) Yes: Segregation of public schools is unconstitutional and violates the rights of black children.
Majority Reasoning: (Chief Justice Warren)
A. Rule: In the field of public education, the doctrine of “separate but equal” has no place. Separate education facilities are inherently unequal. Therefore we hold that the plaintiffs and others similarly situated for whom actions have been brought are, by reason of the segregation …show more content…
complained of, deprived of the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment.
1. To separate children of similar age and qualifications bases solely on race generates a feeling of inferiority.
2. When children are segregated based on race a sense of inferiority affects motivation to learn. As a result segregation has a tendency to retard the education and mental development of black children and to deprive them of some of the benefits they would receive in a racially integrated school system.
3. At the time the Fourteenth Amendment was adopted there was nothing resembling the modern day public school system. Therefore the court must consider the overall intention of Fourteenth Amendment to protect against all state-imposed discrimination based on race.
B. Application:
A. Black children should immediately be admitted to schools of their choice.
B. Schools may gradually integrate both black children into the schools of their choice.
.
Enron
Enron was an energy company based out of Houston.
The company was formed in 1985 when Houston Natural Gas and Internorth merged. Enron started as a natural gas company that expanded to other energy and dot.com markets. They soon became one of the highest traded companies and in 2001 were fifth on the fortune 500 list. Despite what Enron was reporting in its books the company was losing money. They used unsound accounting loopholes and extremely complicated business models to fool investors into believing that the company was more profitable than it actually was. When these fictitious accounting practices came to light and the company released accurate financial reports, nearly 80% of reported profits were gone and the company soon collapsed. Not only did the top executives submit fraudulent financial statements, they saw the collapse coming and sold their shares, while lower level employees lost their pensions and
401k’s.
1. What specific unethical decisions did Enron executives make?
The Enron executives were extremely unethical. They lied to shareholders and investment banks, falsified financial reports, and committed insider trading. They also had the livelihood of thousands of employees to consider and chose to make themselves rich while many of their employees lost everything.
Facts: The consolidation of five different cases involving the legality of segregation of public schools. In each case representatives for black children petitioned the court to allow admittance of black children into white schools. In four of the five cases the district court ruled in favor of the school board, stating Plessy v. Ferguson. Which found that the rights of the black children were not violated as long as all things were equal.
Issue: Does segregation in public schools violate the Fourteenth Amendment rights of black children?
Holding: (Vote: 9-0) Yes: Segregation of public schools is unconstitutional and violates the rights of black children.
Majority Reasoning: (Chief Justice Warren)
A. Rule: In the field of public education, the doctrine of “separate but equal” has no place. Separate education facilities are inherently unequal. Therefore we hold that the plaintiffs and others similarly situated for whom actions have been brought are, by reason of the segregation …show more content…
complained of, deprived of the equal protection of the laws guaranteed by the Fourteenth Amendment.
1. To separate children of similar age and qualifications bases solely on race generates a feeling of inferiority.
2. When children are segregated based on race a sense of inferiority affects motivation to learn. As a result segregation has a tendency to retard the education and mental development of black children and to deprive them of some of the benefits they would receive in a racially integrated school system.
3. At the time the Fourteenth Amendment was adopted there was nothing resembling the modern day public school system. Therefore the court must consider the overall intention of Fourteenth Amendment to protect against all state-imposed discrimination based on race.
B. Application:
A. Black children should immediately be admitted to schools of their choice.
B. Schools may gradually integrate both black children into the schools of their choice.
.
Enron
Enron was an energy company based out of Houston.
The company was formed in 1985 when Houston Natural Gas and Internorth merged. Enron started as a natural gas company that expanded to other energy and dot.com markets. They soon became one of the highest traded companies and in 2001 were fifth on the fortune 500 list. Despite what Enron was reporting in its books the company was losing money. They used unsound accounting loopholes and extremely complicated business models to fool investors into believing that the company was more profitable than it actually was. When these fictitious accounting practices came to light and the company released accurate financial reports, nearly 80% of reported profits were gone and the company soon collapsed. Not only did the top executives submit fraudulent financial statements, they saw the collapse coming and sold their shares, while lower level employees lost their pensions and
401k’s.
1. What specific unethical decisions did Enron executives make?
The Enron executives were extremely unethical. They lied to shareholders and investment banks, falsified financial reports, and committed insider trading. They also had the livelihood of thousands of employees to consider and chose to make themselves rich while many of their employees lost everything.