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Filsafat Ilmu Pengetahuan

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Filsafat Ilmu Pengetahuan
BARCODE Sejarah dan Awal Mula Penemuan Pada tahun 1932, Wallace Flint membuat sistem pemeriksaan barang di sebuah perusahaan retail. Awalnya, teknologi barcode dikendalikan oleh perusahaan retail, lalu diikuti oleh perusahaan industri. Lalu pada tahun 1948, seorang pengusaha makanan lokal meminta Drexel Institute of Technology di Philadelphia untuk membuat sistem pembacaan informasi produk yang keluar secara otomatis. Kemudian Bernard Silver dan Norman Joseph Woodland, sarjana lulusan Drexel, membuat suatu tim dengan tujuan mencari solusi terhadap permintaan pengusaha tersebut. Woodland mengusulkan tinta yang sensitif terhadap sinar ultraviolet. Namun, prototype tersebut masih dinilai terlalu mahal dan tidak stabil. Tanggal 20 Oktober 1949, Woodland dan Silver berhasil membuat prototype barcode yang lebih baik. Prototype tersebut dikenal dengan “Bull’s Eyes”, karena merupakan kumpulan bentuk lingkaran. Akhirnya pada tanggal 7 Oktober 1952, mereka mendapat hak paten dari hasil penelitian tersebut. Barcode digunakan pertama kali secara komersial pada tahun 1970 dimana Logicon Inc. membuat Universal Grocery Product Identification Standard (UGPIC).

Cara/Prinsip Kerja Alat Barcode adalah sekumpulan data optik yang dapat dibaca oleh sebuah mesin. Jenis barcode yang menjadi standar industri adalah Uniform Product Code (UPC). Cara membaca barcode : 1. Barcode terdiri dari garis hitam dan putih. Ruang putih di antara garis-garis hitam adalah bagian dari kode. 2. Ada perbedaan ketebalan dari garis. Garis paling tipis = 1, yang sedang = 2, yang lebih tebal = 3, dan yang paling tebal = 4. 3. Setiap digit angka terbentuk dari urutan empat angka. 0 = 3211, 1 = 2221, 2 = 2122, 3 = 1411, 4 = 1411, 5 = 1231, 6 = 1114, 7 = 1312, 8 = 1213, 9 = 3112. Kode-kode yang terkandung dalam batang-batang tersebut dapat dibaca oleh sebuah alat pemindai. Adapun jenis alat pemindai bervariasi, misalnya pena, laser, serta kamera. Pemindai berbentuk pena memiliki pemancar Ca dan dioda foto yang

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