Forensic Chemistry
Kayla Adkins
Forensic Chemistry Exam 2
I have been honest and observed no dishonesty.
1. In specific detail, describe a published procedure for the definitive identification of Heroin utilizing gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCMS).
Heroin is a white crystalline powder with no odor and a bitter taste. It is a derivative of morphine in that the –OH (hydroxyl group) is replaced by an acetyl group, -OCOCH3 and has a molecular formula is C21H23NO5 with a molecular weight of 369.42 grams per mole and a melting point of 173°C. Heroin is a schedule I controlled substance meaning it has no medical uses and has a high potential for abuse. Abuse is classified as illegal usage of a drug or excessive use above recommended dosage. Some health effects include nervous system disturbances, narcosis, asthma and acute pulmonary edema. Some symptoms documented are respiratory irritation, meiosis, diplopia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, euphoria, dizziness, sleepiness, coma, respiratory depression, pulmonary edema, death. The central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract are among the affected systems in the human body. Some lesser known of the above symptoms are defined as such: Narcosis is the state of unconsciousness stemming from drug ingestion. Diplopia refers to double vision.1 Respiratory depression, also known as hypoventilation, is when twelve or less breaths are taken per minute that does not provide the lungs with the proper amount of oxygen. Respiratory irritation refers to any disruption of breathing; an example would be asthma. Pulmonary edema is when the heart is unable to properly pump blood through the body and the lungs become starved for oxygen.
Component Analysis of Illicit Heroin Samples by GC-MS Method was published in Farmacia Vaol LVI, 5 in 2008. The beginning of the article starts on page 577 within Farmacia. Mihaela Gheorghe, Dan BĂLĂLĂU, Mihaela Ilie, Daniela-Luiza Baconi and Anne-Marie Ciobanu performed the procedure.
Forensic Chemistry Exam 2
I have been honest and observed no dishonesty.
1. In specific detail, describe a published procedure for the definitive identification of Heroin utilizing gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GCMS).
Heroin is a white crystalline powder with no odor and a bitter taste. It is a derivative of morphine in that the –OH (hydroxyl group) is replaced by an acetyl group, -OCOCH3 and has a molecular formula is C21H23NO5 with a molecular weight of 369.42 grams per mole and a melting point of 173°C. Heroin is a schedule I controlled substance meaning it has no medical uses and has a high potential for abuse. Abuse is classified as illegal usage of a drug or excessive use above recommended dosage. Some health effects include nervous system disturbances, narcosis, asthma and acute pulmonary edema. Some symptoms documented are respiratory irritation, meiosis, diplopia, nausea, vomiting, constipation, euphoria, dizziness, sleepiness, coma, respiratory depression, pulmonary edema, death. The central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract are among the affected systems in the human body. Some lesser known of the above symptoms are defined as such: Narcosis is the state of unconsciousness stemming from drug ingestion. Diplopia refers to double vision.1 Respiratory depression, also known as hypoventilation, is when twelve or less breaths are taken per minute that does not provide the lungs with the proper amount of oxygen. Respiratory irritation refers to any disruption of breathing; an example would be asthma. Pulmonary edema is when the heart is unable to properly pump blood through the body and the lungs become starved for oxygen.
Component Analysis of Illicit Heroin Samples by GC-MS Method was published in Farmacia Vaol LVI, 5 in 2008. The beginning of the article starts on page 577 within Farmacia. Mihaela Gheorghe, Dan BĂLĂLĂU, Mihaela Ilie, Daniela-Luiza Baconi and Anne-Marie Ciobanu performed the procedure.
References: 2. Brenneisen R., Hasler F., GC/MS determination of pyrolysis products from diacetylmorphine and adulterants of street heroin samples, J Forensic Sci., 2002, 47(4):885-888 3 4. Klemenc S., Noscapine as an adulterant in illicit heroin samples, Forensic Sci Int., 2000, 108(1), 45-49 5 Drug Screening by ELISA was published by the Department of Justice in Virginia on June 11, 2013 by an unspecified Chemistry Program Manager Materials Used: