Social tensions were on the rise and the people of Germany began the outcry for formal change. Modernism began gaining popularity in nations all across Europe and its effect on architecture was no different. Walter Gropius, with regards to the Fagus Factory, one of his first works from 1911, set out to build a structure to embody his theories of modernism and functionalism. By connecting with the people through the space’s arrangement and aesthetic, architecture took on new meaning. The Fagus Factory allowed function to reign supreme over form created a clean and accessible design unparalleled in any predeceasing movements worldwide.…
This was a signifier of the important influence for new techniques of disciplinary technology which lead to surveillance. Foucault wrote a book ‘Discipline and Punish’, where he used Bentham’s design as an argument of knowledge and power. “The panopticon brings together power, control of the body, control of groups and knowledge (The inmate is observed and examined systematically in his cell).” [1]Foucault explains the use of the panopticon, the controller from the middle tower is able to see the individual inmates in their cells. He later in his book goes on to say, “The Panopticon is a marvellous machine which, whatever use one may wish to put it to, produces homogeneous effects of power.”[2, page 202] What he meant by this is, where ever you put the panopticon to use it can be in prison or in schools, the power will act in a certain way within it. Each person who is held within it, are constantly in the watchful eyes of the observer and are kept isolated. The reason why it is marvellous is because the concept is unusual as well as clever, whereby one single person is able to overpower many…
American law enforcement organizations is hierarchal and it is a bureaucratic structure adopting ways of the military. The quasi-military structure found in police departments will emphasize the importance of specializations in task, duties, objectives, and responsibilities. Each level in the chain of command has specific authority and tasks to carry out. Historically speaking, Peel’s principles of a professional police organization can be seen in today’s philosophy of community-oriented policing (COP). Peel’s principles emphasized the following guidelines for a professional police organization: (1) a police mission statement and core values; (2) crime prevention; (3) respect or citizenry; (4) respect for the law; (5) minimizing the use of…
The idea in Panopticism is to convince society that their actions are monitored by others. Foucault’s point is that “power should be visible and unverifiable.Visible: the inmate will constantly have before his eyes the tall outline of the central tower from which he is spied upon. Unverifiable: the inmate must never know whether he is being looked at at any one moment; but he must be sure that he may always be so” (320). The Panopticon should make people believe they can never verify if someone is watching them, and so they portray themselves as authority wants. While this may contribute to most institutions involving surveillance systems in society, in Nurse Ratched’s ward she is not hidden from the patients. All day long, Nurse Ratched sits behind glass in her nurse’s station, observing the patients: “The Big Nurse looks out through her special glass, always polished till you can’t tell it’s there, and nods at what she sees” (29). The nurse is entirely visible through the glass to patients, and they understand they are being watched by her, and will be given repercussions if they choose to go against her. Further, they specifically know who is watching them. There is no confusion or curiosity as to who is observing; they know Nurse Ratched, understand her personality, and…
Questions such as, ‘In what context, and manner, can analyses of power-relations be grounded?’, ‘What is Foucault’s definition of power?’, ‘How is this power wielded, and by whom?’, and ‘What are the positive and negative consequences of this power?’, ‘What role does resistance play in power-relations?’, will be subject to investigation. From this, it will be shown that Foucault’s position is ultimately one of disconcertion but incoherence, this being supplemented by corroborating evidence from secondary sources. Furthermore, the aim of Foucault’s project itself will be subject to critique in order to determine if there is any practical…
As the esteemed political activist and professor Howard Zinn once said, “If those in charge of our society can dominate our ideas, they will be secure in their power. They will not need soldiers patrolling the streets. We will control ourselves.” Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World exhibits a government that successfully controls the ideas of the masses. As Zinn acutely predicted, the need for police in the World State is nearly eradicated due to the tranquility of society. Individuals are predestined prior to birth to decide which niche they will fill in society. Upon the completion of the artificial birthing process, these new members of society are conditioned according to their caste. In this dystopia, love and the concept of family are…
The picture exhibited in source one reflects back to July 14, 1789 on a day that stood symbolic for a revolutionary change in France. The building seen in the picture is known as the Bastille, a French prison well recognized by the Third Estate for being unjust. The source indicates the importance of this event in history that is referred to as the storming of the Bastille. During the time of this picture, the third estate had a strong desire for immediate change. Recent news of revolutionary changes at Versailles had become apparent, but the third estate was still in disarray and needed things to change at a faster rate. From there an angry mob attacked the prison, releasing some prisoners, and beheading the guards. This marked a national uprising against the Monarchy that strengthened and united the bond of the people. The source highlights how this event was proof that power no longer resided in the King, but in the people. The ideas of the Enlightenment philosophers on the ideologies of egalitarianism and liberalism prospered.…
* Give eye contact and actively listen, show them that you are interested through acts of body language like nodding or eye contact…
On the diagram below, what percentage of energy (from the choices in blue on the left) is transferred from a producer to a: (A) secondary consumer, (B) tertiary consumer, (C) quaternary consumer?…
For someone to understand a building fully, one must begin with the history in which it…
The Citicorp Center , today known as the Citigroup Center, is one of the most identifiable characteristics of the New York City skyline. The story of Citicorp Center’s structural engineer, William LeMessurier is a very enlightening story in engineering ethics and very educational to every design engineer . In fact, Le Messurier inventive use and positionning of the big columns bent a "design marvel" (Hegarty) , but those very fundamentals might have been the source for a collateral disaster and engineering scandal. Capitalizing on good fortune, the ruinous end of LeMessurier’s profession was prevented and, as a substitute, his importance in the design professional society increased to new heights. In this essay we shall examine how Le Messurier failed or succeeded to abide by the legal responsibilities and the ethical codes of engineering.…
What would you do for the chance to live in an ideal world? Well, curiosity killed the cat, unless readers heard of Aldous Huxley’s novel Brave New World, a utopian future. In the story, the readers are given a satiric vision of a utopia by a third person, omniscient narrator. In order to create an ideal world, humans are genetically bred, hypnopedia is used, and the society follows…
Vanna’s house was to be Venturi’s first building. However, the design took so long that another building was constructed first, the North Penn Visiting Nurses’ Association Headquarters in Pennsylvania (completed in 1961). While the North Penn distorted the pure order of the box of modern architecture on the outside, Vanna’s house distorted it on the inside. It is evident that both buildings shared common ideas.5 Complex entries with symbolic, non-structural, arched openings, and conventional and big-scale elements expressed a new and complex architecture.…
This reading shows Foucault’s critical viewpoint on Immanuel Kant’s perception of Enlightenment and briefly mentions Foucault’s own ideas about Enlightenment.…
Imagine perfection! A world with no faults, no errors, and no delinquents. A world that lives in peace and harmony, and that never ceases to prove it’s worth every single day. This flawless realm was almost impossible to find or describe in Europe in the early sixteenth century due to all of the corruption that was occurring in the church and in the government. However, from the abyss of this dark world came a man who was ready to challenge these powerful, malicious supremacies; a man named Thomas More. In his book Utopia, More, “the Chancellor of England at the time (Notes),” described the perfect society by observing the world’s wonderful and wicked aspects. Though heavily influenced by his Christian and humanist background,…