This paper focuses
This paper focuses
Absolute Monarchs were eithere kings or queens who controlled the complete way of life in the country they ruled. Absolutism is the rule of one person over any given thing. The two rulers that showed absolutism in the documents are Louis 14th and Peter the Great. They were both absolute monarchs and both ruled over large territories.…
During the time period of the late sixteenth century to the late eighteenth century the concept of what nobility is and what it was conceived to be varied greatly as more modern thoughts developed and desperation of monarchs grew to meet such demand. The arguments related to nobility differed greatly, but these were the most crucial; the difference between the sword and the robe and the right to even hold such a position at all.…
His paintings, etchings, drawings and his graphics can be characterised with their diversity both in their topics and artistic means. This richness in themes leads to a wide variety of topics ranging from joyful festivities through royal portraits to battle scenes and dead bodies.…
The comparative analysis of Shakespeare’s “Richard III” circa 1591 and Al Pacino’s 1996 docudrama “Looking for Richard” (LFR) reveals the capacity of these texts to transcend their timeframes due to their exploration of ideas perennially relevant to human nature. As humans, there is an innate desire of us to exert our ideals and beliefs on others as well as an underlying ambition for power, hence these texts explore the way in which art can be used to shape and reshape historical perceptions as well as the universal relevance of power to human beings.…
Chateau Barberie 183 Nicolas Fouquet 185 Nicolas Poussin 187 Rosslyn Chapel and Shugborough Hall 190 The Pope’s Secret Letter 192 The Rock of Sion 192 The Catholic Modernist Movement 194 The Protocols of Sion 198 The Hieron du Val d’Or 203 8 The Secret Society Today 209 Alain Poher 212 The Lost King 213 Curious Pamphlets in the Bibliotheque Nationale, Paris 216 The Catholic Traditionalists 219 The Convent of 1981 and Cocteau’s Statutes 223 M. Plantard de Saint-Clair 230 The Politics of the Prieure de Sion 237 9 The Long-haired Monarchs 245 Legend and the Merovingians 245 The Bear from Arcadia 249 The Sicambrians Enter Gaul 250 Merovee and His Descendants 251 Blood Royal 253 Clovis and His…
King Philip II of Spain was murdered on September 1, 1598, although there were many suspects from all over the world, a few stood out and were connected to each other. During the time of King Philip II’s reign, Spain was in an ongoing power struggle with another powerful country, England. Due to the power struggle, Philip and Queen Elizabeth of England weren’t on good terms, constantly trying to invade the other’s country, in order to rise as the most powerful country of Europe. Just a few years before the death of Philip, on August 8th, 1558, the Spanish Armada took place, where he wanted to send a fleet of 130 ships, in order to take over England and make them completely Catholic, once again. However, the Spanish fleet was defeated and Elizabeth…
During the late sixteenth century to the late eighteenth century, the concepts of French Nobles changed drastically. The impression of the nobles changed from the view that all nobility were servants and had a blind loyalty to the king in late 1500s, to the Nobles going against the law in the early 1600s. Then, in the mid to late 1600s, the perception changed again to questioning what were the nobility really for. Finally, in the late 18th century, the noblemen were seen as no use to society.…
In 1420 Gilles married a rich heiress, Catherine de Thouars, who supposedly had a better estate than the King of France himself (DeBoer., 2001). That same year Gilles fought for his country for duchy of Brittany (DeBoer., 2001). Gilles continued to fight for the Duchess of Anjou (DeBoer., 2001). In 1424 when his father died he had 300,000 livres, which was the form of currency then and also 15 domains (Holloway., 2001). When Gilles became a very accomplished lieutenant, he fought right beside Joan of Arc in a few battles (Holloway., 2001). In 1435 Gilles received a decree from the King stating that he cannot sell or mortgage his land (Holloway., 2001). By now, Gilles is learning esotericism and wanted to gain knowledge and power (Holloway., 2001). Engaging in various rituals, he tried to get more money. His incredible military career continued until he was accused of murdering hundreds of children (Encyclopedia of Occultism;Parapsychology.,…
Galitz, K. (2004) Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History The Legacy of Jacques-Louis David Retrieved From: http://www.metmusemum.org…
Napoleon Bonaparte was the first emperor of France from 1804 to 1814. He is famous for his efforts to form a connected Europe that France would lead. His career as a military and political leader led to many big accomplishments, but unfortunately he became too greedy over time leading to his exile.…
1. What is the intended primary audience at that time? The primary intended audience at the time was all Christians under papal authority. It was widely read across Europe by intellectuals who could read Latin and those of the French court.…
Louis the XIV was king of France from 1693 to 1715. He was an example of how to rule for many of the political leaders of the 18th century. An absolute ruler is defined by seven traits. Pacify and subjugate nobles, and centralize power around oneself. Another is to make both money and war. Dominate culture, make religion and finally build something worthy of your glory. Two Enlightened despots that took after Louis were Joseph II of Austria and Peter the Great, Czar of Russia. Both rulers had enlightened and despotic characteristics. Yet Joseph was more Enlightened and Peter more despotic. Both characteristics were important to have a strong nation, but as Peter exemplifies having more despotic characteristics helps a ruler maintain power and strengthen the nation, more so then enlightened ones. Joseph II takes full power in 1780 after his mother Maria Theresa dies, instantly he begins to institute many enlightened ideas. Joseph is radical and makes many changes to long withstanding traditions in Austrian society and government. First, he grants religious freedom and cuts off communication between his state clergy and Rome. Though Austria had always been staunchly Catholic, now a person of any religion could practice it freely. This is a very enlightened idea much before its time. Also, it was one of his only major changes which were kept after his reign ended. This was how Joseph II fits under the trait of making religion work for you; he actually tried to make it work for everyone. Another enlightened reform he implemented was a universal law code in which all Austrians have to follow the same rules and suffer the same punishments. He eliminates noble privileges, in matters like taxation, and crimes. This reform angered the nobility and almost put the nation in crisis. But it was one last reform which set off a spark of rebellion. Joseph II outlawed serfdom, he freed millions of peasants. They were free to go wherever, and choose…
The pursuit of glory and honour outweighed the security of England in deciding Henrician foreign policy. Although Henry’s foreign policy in this period was greatly influenced by his desire for security, both personal and national, there is much historiographical debate as to whether it was the primary motive of his actions abroad. In this essay glory and honour will be dealt with together, although glory tends to be associated with wartime victory, whereas honour is related to the upholding of status and in particular the dignity of Henry VIII - together both of these contribute to the overall prestigious nature of a monarch and are associated heavily with one another in a late Medieval context. Whilst security was consistent with the desires…
In the painting Socrates is depicted as about to take poison, surrounded by all his pupils who looked up to him. With similarity, Louis XVI is about ready to feel the wrath of subjects. They are to accuse him of lavish spending, especially that of his wife Marie Antoinette. Louis and his wife would be guillotined in the coming years but the debt wasn’t exclusively brought about by the expenditures of the privileged. The Seven Years War and the American War of Independence cost the government dearly. Nevertheless, David portrays the coming years through his yearning for the democratic past of Classical times quite…
Eleanor was always discontent in her surroundings and this caused to her to be very stubborn in order to get her way. After Eleanor and her new husband heard word of the death of Louis VI, they ended their honeymoon travels and headed straight for the Paris. Upon arriving the newly wed couple discovered their first disagreement: while the new king called this place home his wife was simply miserable. The City of Love was much too gloomy and chilly compared to Eleanor’s beloved Aquitaine, where the sun always brought warmth and shine. Because Eleanor must always have her way, she transformed the Cité Palace. Everything was remodeled to the precise liking of the Queen of France. Windows were in enlarged and shuttered, light and warmth were brought into the palace, for possibly the first time in forever (Rice 21).…