Freezing Point of Naphthalene
Freezing Point of Naphthalene
I. Purpose
To determine the freezing point of a known substance, naphthalene
II. Materials
ringstand gas source test tube test tube clamps thermometer naphthalene Bunsen burner goggles hose stopwatch
III. Procedure
1. Assemble the Bunsen burner, attaching one end of the hose to the burner and the other to a gas source. 2. Assemble the ring stand so that a ring clamp is attached to the stand holding the test tube that will be used in the experiment. 3. Fill the test tube to approximately 1/8 capacity with naphthalene crystals. 4. Place the thermometer in the crystals so that it is surrounded by the naphthalene powder but not touching the sides or bottom of the test tube.
Use a clamp to hold the thermometer in place. 5. Ignite the Bunsen burner and using direct heat melt the naphthalene powder until it completely turns to a liquid. When the temperature reaches approximately 90o Celsius, stop heating. 6. Observe the change in temperature from 90o to 70o Celsius, recording the temperature at regular intervals, preferably 15 seconds. This data will be used to make a chart later. 7. Once the temperature has fallen to 70o, melt the naphthalene which is now frozen to remove the thermometer. Properly dispose of the naphthalene liquid as instructed by the teacher.
IV. Data
Time Elapsed Temperature of Naphthalene Time Temperature
Initial (0:00) 100oC 7:00 78.5oC 0:30 97.5oC 7:15 78.3oC 1:00 93.0oC 7:30 78.3oC 1:30 89.5oC 7:45 79.0oC 2:00 86.1oC 8:00 79.0oC 2:30 84.6oC 8:15 79.0oC 2:45 82.3oC 8:30 79.0oC 3:00 81.2oC 8:45 79.0oC 3:15 81.0oC 9:00 79.0oC 3:30 80.5oC 9:15 78.5oC 3:45 80.2oC 9:30 78.1oC 4:00 80.0oC 9:45 78.0oC 4:15 79.9oC 10:00 78.0oC 4:30 79.8oC 10:15 77.5oC 4:45 79.4oC 10:30 77.0oC 5:00 79.1oC 10:45 76.5oC
I. Purpose
To determine the freezing point of a known substance, naphthalene
II. Materials
ringstand gas source test tube test tube clamps thermometer naphthalene Bunsen burner goggles hose stopwatch
III. Procedure
1. Assemble the Bunsen burner, attaching one end of the hose to the burner and the other to a gas source. 2. Assemble the ring stand so that a ring clamp is attached to the stand holding the test tube that will be used in the experiment. 3. Fill the test tube to approximately 1/8 capacity with naphthalene crystals. 4. Place the thermometer in the crystals so that it is surrounded by the naphthalene powder but not touching the sides or bottom of the test tube.
Use a clamp to hold the thermometer in place. 5. Ignite the Bunsen burner and using direct heat melt the naphthalene powder until it completely turns to a liquid. When the temperature reaches approximately 90o Celsius, stop heating. 6. Observe the change in temperature from 90o to 70o Celsius, recording the temperature at regular intervals, preferably 15 seconds. This data will be used to make a chart later. 7. Once the temperature has fallen to 70o, melt the naphthalene which is now frozen to remove the thermometer. Properly dispose of the naphthalene liquid as instructed by the teacher.
IV. Data
Time Elapsed Temperature of Naphthalene Time Temperature
Initial (0:00) 100oC 7:00 78.5oC 0:30 97.5oC 7:15 78.3oC 1:00 93.0oC 7:30 78.3oC 1:30 89.5oC 7:45 79.0oC 2:00 86.1oC 8:00 79.0oC 2:30 84.6oC 8:15 79.0oC 2:45 82.3oC 8:30 79.0oC 3:00 81.2oC 8:45 79.0oC 3:15 81.0oC 9:00 79.0oC 3:30 80.5oC 9:15 78.5oC 3:45 80.2oC 9:30 78.1oC 4:00 80.0oC 9:45 78.0oC 4:15 79.9oC 10:00 78.0oC 4:30 79.8oC 10:15 77.5oC 4:45 79.4oC 10:30 77.0oC 5:00 79.1oC 10:45 76.5oC