Functional Properties Of Agglomerated Goat Milk Lab Report

Functional properties such as colour (L*, a* and b*), water activity, loose bulk density, tapped bulk density, flowability and cohesiveness in terms of Carr’s Index (CI) and Hausner Ratio (HR) of agglomerated goat milk powder were determined as follows;
The colour of agglomerated goat milk powder was determined by Hunterlab colourimeter (Model: Colour Flex EZ). The 3-dimensional scale L*, a* and b* was used. The L* is the lightness coefficient, ranging from 0 (black) to 100 (white), a* represents greenness and redness (+100 for red and -80 for green) while b* represents yellowness and blueness (+70 for yellow and -80 for blue). The water activity of agglomerated goat milk powder was estimated by Rotronic Hygrolab 3 water activity analyzer (Model:
(2012) and Lebrun et al. (2012). Approximately, 1 g of goat milk powder was freely poured into a 5 ml glass graduated cylinder (readable at 1ml) without tapping and disturbance and this was measured as loose bulk density of powder and the same samples were repeatedly tapped manually by lifting and dropping the cylinder under its own weight at a vertical distance of 14±2 mm high until negligible difference in volume between succeeding measurements was observed, this was measured as tapped bulk density. The loose and tapped bulk density of goat milk powder was computed using the following
(2013). Wettability of the powder sample was measured according to method reported by Jinapong et al. (2008). One hundred ml of distilled water at 30±2 °C was poured into a 250 ml beaker. A glass funnel held on a ring stand was set on the beaker with the height between the bottom of the funnel and the water surface of 10 cm. A glass rod was placed inside the funnel to block the lower opening of the funnel. The powder sample (1 g) was placed around the glass rod and then the glass rod was lifted while the stop watch was started at the same time. Finally, the time was recorded for the powder to become completely