G Antarctica Pi12 Case Study

The adaptive part is comprised of the repair process and the maintenance of the cell. The aim of the adaptive part is to sustain the cell from the damages caused by the temperature shifts and enable it to continue to grow. Repair process is crucial, especially when the DNA was destructed by the adverse impact of the rapid change in temperature. For example, when the cell was exposed to 0oC, the gene encodes for PP5 and ATM were regulated. The function of the PP5 and ATM is the DNA damage control and also the DNA break repair. Not only that, a gene encodes for XPA also regulated when the cell trying to endure for prolonged exposure at -12oC. A gene encodes for a Ndc1-Nup protein, which responsible for the chromosome segregation also regulated
In order to know more about the cold adaptation strategy of G. antarctica PI12, several studies were conducted to resolve the cold adaptation strategy of G. antarctica PI12. The adaptation of G. antarctica PI12 to cold shock and heat shock environments is reflected in their structural and biochemical characteristics. These characteristic such as the production of cold adapted enzymes, polyunsaturated fatty acids and cryoprotectant. The complex adaptation strategies of G. antarctica PI12 to low temperatures reviewed in the previous chapters help us to build an adaptation model of G. antarctica PI12, which comprised of three major parts, namely adaptive, inactivation and cell death when the cell was exposed to a lower
antarctica PI12 regulated at sub-zero temperatures, which possibly helps G. antarctica PI12 to adapt and grow at sub-zero temperatures. These genes involved in the adaptive part of G. antarctica PI12 are genes encode for PP5 and ATM for the DNA damage and DNA break repair. Not only that, the gene encodes for Ndc1-Nup can be found to repair and maintain the chromosome segregation for mitosis during the rapid drop or increase in temperatures. All of these genes are essential to keep the cell function normally under changing temperatures. Moreover, post-translational modification and the maintenance of membrane dynamic play an important role in the cellular maintenance. Genes such as Maf/HAM1 and MRT4 were found to be involved in the post-translational process in G. antarctica PI12 to reduce accumulation of unfolded proteins which result from the temperature shifts. Genes such as SQS and TPR were regulated to maintain the membrane dynamic of G. antarctica PI12 under the changed